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Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human.

ABSTRACT: The genomic sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses from human and palm civet of the 2003/2004 outbreak in the city of Guangzhou, China, were nearly identical. Phylogenetic analysis suggested an independent viral invasion from animal to human in this new episode. Combining all existing data but excluding singletons, we identified 202 single-nucleotide variations. Among them, 17 are polymorphic in palm civets only. The ratio of nonsynonymous/synonymous nucleotide substitution in palm civets collected 1 yr apart from different geographic locations is very high, suggesting a rapid evolving process of viral proteins in civet as well, much like their adaptation in the human host in the early 2002-2003 epidemic. Major genetic variations in some critical genes, particularly the Spike gene, seemed essential for the transition from animal-to-human transmission to human-to-human transmission, which eventually caused the first severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak of 2002/2003.

SUBMITTER: Song HD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC548959 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human.

Song Huai-Dong HD Tu Chang-Chun CC Zhang Guo-Wei GW Wang Sheng-Yue SY Zheng Kui K Lei Lian-Cheng LC Chen Qiu-Xia QX Gao Yu-Wei YW Zhou Hui-Qiong HQ Xiang Hua H Zheng Hua-Jun HJ Chern Shur-Wern Wang SW Cheng Feng F Pan Chun-Ming CM Xuan Hua H Chen Sai-Juan SJ Luo Hui-Ming HM Zhou Duan-Hua DH Liu Yu-Fei YF He Jian-Feng JF Qin Peng-Zhe PZ Li Ling-Hui LH Ren Yu-Qi YQ Liang Wen-Jia WJ Yu Ye-Dong YD Anderson Larry L Wang Ming M Xu Rui-Heng RH Wu Xin-Wei XW Zheng Huan-Ying HY Chen Jin-Ding JD Liang Guodong G Gao Yang Y Liao Ming M Fang Ling L Jiang Li-Yun LY Li Hui H Chen Fang F Di Biao B He Li-Juan LJ Lin Jin-Yan JY Tong Suxiang S Kong Xiangang X Du Lin L Hao Pei P Tang Hua H Bernini Andrea A Yu Xiao-Jing XJ Spiga Ottavia O Guo Zong-Ming ZM Pan Hai-Yan HY He Wei-Zhong WZ Manuguerra Jean-Claude JC Fontanet Arnaud A Danchin Antoine A Niccolai Neri N Li Yi-Xue YX Wu Chung-I CI Zhao Guo-Ping GP

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20050204 7

The genomic sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses from human and palm civet of the 2003/2004 outbreak in the city of Guangzhou, China, were nearly identical. Phylogenetic analysis suggested an independent viral invasion from animal to human in this new episode. Combining all existing data but excluding singletons, we identified 202 single-nucleotide variations. Among them, 17 are polymorphic in palm civets only. The ratio of nonsynonymous/synonymous nucleotide substitution ...[more]

PMID: 15695582

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Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is found in regions where dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses are endemic. Any serological cross-reactivity between DENV, CHIKV, and SARS-CoV-2 is significant as it could lead to misdiagnosis, increased severity, or cross-protection. This study examined the potential cross-reactivity of anti-DENV and CHIKV antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 using acute and convalescent-phase samples collected before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. These included healthy, normal human (NHS, n = 6), CHIKV-positive (n = 14 pairs acute and convalescent), primary DENV-positive (n = 20 pairs), secondary DENV-positive (n = 20 pairs), and other febrile illnesses sera (n = 23 pairs). Samples were tested using an in-house SARS-CoV-2 and a EUROIMMUN IgA and IgG ELISAs. All NHS samples were negative, whereas 3.6% CHIKV, 21.7% primary DENV, 15.7% secondary DENV, and 10.8% febrile diseases sera resulted as anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive. The EUROIMMUN ELISA using spike 1 as the antigen detected more positives among the primary DENV infections than the in-house ELISA using spike 1-receptor binding domain (RBD) protein. Among ELISA-positive samples, four had detectable neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reporter virus particles yet none had detectable neutralizing antibodies against the live Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. These data demonstrated the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic cross-reactivity, but not neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity, among dengue seropositive cases. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 continues to cause significant morbidity globally, including in areas where DENV and CHIKV are endemic. Reports using rapid diagnostic and ELISAs have demonstrated that serological cross-reactivity between DENV and SARS-CoV-2 can occur. Furthermore, it has been observed that convalescent DENV patients are at a lower risk of developing COVID-19. This phenomenon can interfere with the accuracy of serological testing and clinical management of both DENV and COVID-19 patients. In this study, the cross-reactivity of primary/secondary anti-DENV, CHIKV, and other febrile illness antibodies with SARS-CoV-2 using two ELISAs has been shown. Among ELISA-positive samples, four had detectable levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reporter virus particles. However, none had detectable neutralizing antibodies against the live Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2. These data demonstrated SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic cross-reactivity, but not neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity, among dengue seropositive cases. The data discussed here provide information regarding diagnosis and may help guide appropriate public health interventions.

Dataset Information

Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human.

Publications

Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human.

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