Project description:IntroductionIn-vivo fluorescence imaging techniques using indocyanine green (ICG) to identify liver tumours and hepatic segment boundaries have been recently developed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of fusion ICG-fluorescence imaging for navigation during hepatectomy.Methods and analysisThis will be an exploratory single-arm clinical trial; patients with liver tumours will undergo hepatectomy using the ICG-fluorescence imaging system. In total, 110 patients with liver tumours scheduled for elective hepatectomy will be included in this study. Preoperatively, ICG will be intravenously injected at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight within 2 days. To detect liver tumours intraoperatively, the hepatic surface will be initially observed using the ICG-fluorescence imaging system. After identifying and clamping the portal pedicle corresponding to the hepatic segments, including the liver tumours to be resected, additional ICG will be injected intravenously at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight to identify the boundaries of the hepatic segments. The primary outcome measure will be the success or failure of the ICG-fluorescence imaging system in identifying hepatic segments. The secondary outcomes will be the success or failure in identifying liver tumours, liver function indicators, operative time, blood loss, rate of postoperative complications and recurrence-free survival. The findings obtained through this study are expected to help to establish the utility of ICG-fluorescence imaging systems, and therefore contribute to prognostic outcome improvements in patients undergoing hepatectomy for various causes.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the Kobe University Clinical Research Ethical Committee. The findings of this study will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberUMIN000031054 and jRCT1051180070.
Project description:Laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy (LAH) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been advocated by many surgeons in the hope of producing better oncological outcomes. Two recent techniques, 3D laparoscopic system and 2D real-time indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (r-ICG) guidance, are benefit for improving the operative precision of LAH in different aspects. However, these two techniques cannot be applied concomitantly because of the technical limitation. Although a new modern laparoscopic system with both 3D and indocyanine green (ICG) imaging mode has been designed, it has not been listed in many countries including China. Thus, we design a new procedure to perform the 3D LAH with 2D r-ICG guidance for HCCs with conventional laparoscopic systems. In this procedure, both 3D and 2D laparoscopic systems were used. A total of 11 patients with HCC received 3D laparoscopic right posterior sectionectomy (LRPS) with 2D r-ICG guidance. The right posterior Glissonian pedicle was clamped under the 3D vision. Then ICG solution was then intravenously administrated. The liver parenchyma was transected under the 3D vision and guided by 2D ICG vision simultaneously. There was no severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥III) and operation related death. The 90-day mortality was also nil. By using this procedure, the advantages of two techniques, 3D laparoscopic system and 2D r-ICG guidance, were combined so that LAH could be performed with more precision. However, it should be validated in more studies.
Project description:BackgroundIndocyanine green fluorescence-guided laparoscopic hepatectomy (ICG-guided LH) is increasingly used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether ICG-guided LH can improve surgical outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the short-term outcomes and survival outcomes of ICG-guided LH versus common laparoscopic hepatectomy (CLH) for HCC.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 104 ICG-guided LH and 158 CLH patients from 2014 to 2020 at our center. To avoid selection bias, 81 ICG-guided LH and 81 CLH cases were analyzed after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). The baseline data and results were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe baseline characteristics of both groups were comparable after matching. There was a significant difference in operative time: longer in the ICG-guided LH group than in the CLH group (p=0.004). However, there was no significant difference in operative time in anatomical resection between the two groups (p=0.987). There was a significant difference in operative time in non-anatomical resection: longer in the ICG-guided LH group than in the CLH group (p=0.001). There were no significant differences in positive surgery margin, blood loss, blood transfusion rate, postoperative complication rate, postoperative length of hospital stay, mortality within 30 days, and mortality within 90 days. The ICG-guided LH group appeared to have a trend towards better overall survival (OS), but there was no significant difference in OS (P=0.168) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P=0.322) between the two groups.ConclusionsAlthough ICG fluorescence-guided LH is a timelier procedure to perform, it is a safe and effective technique with the advantages of intraoperative positioning, low postoperative complication rates, and potential to improve OS.
Project description:PurposeTo explore the role of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic hepatectomy and investigate if the timing of its administration influences the intraoperative observation.MethodsThe subjects of this retrospective study were 120 patients who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy; divided into an ICG-FN group (n = 57) and a non-ICG-FN group (n = 63). We analyzed the baseline data and operative data.ResultsThere were no remarkable differences in baseline data such as demographic characteristics, lesion-related characteristics, and liver function parameters between the groups. Operative time and intraoperative blood loss were significantly lower in the ICG-FN group. The rate of R0 resection of malignant tumors was comparable in the ICG-FN and non-ICG-FN groups, but the wide surgical margin rate was significantly higher in the ICG-FN group. The administration of ICG 0-3 or 4-7 days preoperatively did not affect the intraoperative fluorescence imaging. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and a wide surgical margin correlated with ICG fluorescence navigation. ICG fluorescence navigation helped to minimize intraoperative blood loss and achieve a wide surgical margin.ConclusionICG fluorescence navigation is safe and efficient in laparoscopic hepatectomy. It helps to achieve a wide surgical margin, which could result in a better prognosis. The administration of ICG 0-3 days preoperatively is acceptable.
Project description:IntroductionPrevious clinical investigations have reported inconsistent findings regarding the feasibility of utilizing indocyanine green fluorescence imaging (ICGFI) in laparoscopic liver tumor removal. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ICGFI in laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH).MethodsA systematic search of pertinent clinical studies published before January 30th, 2023 was conducted in databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science. The search strategy encompassed key terms such as "indocyanine green fluorescence," "ICG fluorescence," "laparoscopic hepatectomy," "hepatectomies," "liver Neoplasms," "hepatic cancer," and "liver tumor." Additionally, we scrutinized the reference lists of included articles to identify supplementary studies. we assessed the quality of the incorporated studies and extracted clinical data. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA v.17.0 software. Either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model was employed to compute combined effect sizes, accompanied by 95% confidence intervals (CIs), based on varying levels of heterogeneity.ResultsThis meta-analysis encompassed eleven retrospective cohort studies, involving 959 patients in total. Our findings revealed that, in comparison to conventional laparoscopic hepatectomy, patients receiving ICGFI-guided LH exhibited a higher R0 resection rate (OR: 3.96, 95% CI: 1.28, 12.25, I2 = 0.00%, P = 0.778) and a diminished incidence of intraoperative blood transfusion (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.81, I 2 = 51.1%, P = 0.056). Additionally, they experienced shorter postoperative hospital stays (WMD: -1.07, 95% CI: -2.00, -0.14, I 2 = 85.1%, P = 0.000). No statistically significant differences emerged between patients receiving ICGFI-guided LH vs. those undergoing conventional LH in terms of minimal margin width and postoperative complications.ConclusionICGFI-guided LH demonstrates marked superiority over conventional laparoscopic liver tumor resection in achieving R0 resection and reducing intraoperative blood transfusion rates. This technique appears to hold substantial promise. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to explore potential long-term benefits associated with patients undergoing ICGFI-guided LH.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD 42023398195.
Project description:Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) holds promise for real-time deep tissue imaging. In this work, we investigated the NIR-II fluorescence properties of a liposomal formulation of indocyanine green (ICG), a FDA-approved dye that was recently shown to exhibit NIR-II fluorescence. Fluorescence spectra of liposomal-ICG were collected in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and plasma. Imaging studies in an Intralipid® phantom were performed to determine penetration depth. In vivo imaging studies were performed to test real-time visualization of vascular structures in the hind limb and intracranial regions. Free ICG, NIR-I imaging, and cross-sectional imaging modalities (MRI and CT) were used as comparators. Fluorescence spectra demonstrated the strong NIR-II fluorescence of liposomal-ICG, similar to free ICG in plasma. In vitro studies demonstrated superior performance of liposomal-ICG over free ICG for NIR-II imaging of deep (≥4 mm) vascular mimicking structures. In vivo, NIR-II fluorescence imaging using liposomal-ICG resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) higher contrast-to-noise ratio compared to free ICG for extended periods of time, allowing visualization of hind limb and intracranial vasculature for up to 4 hours post-injection. In vivo comparisons demonstrated higher vessel conspicuity with liposomal-ICG-enhanced NIR-II imaging compared to NIR-I imaging.
Project description:Background and objective Laparoscopic hepatectomy approaches, including major hepatectomy, were rapidly developed in the past decade. However, standard laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy (LLH) is still only performed in high-volume medical centres. In our series, we describe our technical details and surgical outcomes of LLH. Methods Thirty-nine patients who underwent LLH in our institute were enrolled in the study. Among these, 13 patients underwent LLH guided by real-time ICG fluorescence imaging using the Arantius-first approach (ICG-LLH group), and the other 26 underwent conventional LLH (conventional LLH group). Demographic characteristics and perioperative data were retrospectively collected and analysed. We compared the technical and postoperative short-term outcomes of the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the demographic or clinicopathological characteristics of the patients in the two groups. ICG-LLH required significantly fewer pringle manoeuvres (1 vs. 3 times, p < 0.0001), had a shorter parenchyma dissection time (26 vs. 78 min, p < 0.001), and required fewer vessel clips (18 vs. 28, p < 0.001). Although there was no significant difference, the ICG-LLH group had less bile leakage (0 vs. 5, p = 0.09) and less blood loss (120 vs. 165, p = 0.119). There were no significant differences in the overall complication or R0 resection rates between the two groups. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy guided by real-time ICG fluorescence imaging using the Arantius-first approach is safe and feasible in selected patients, thus improving the fluency of the surgical procedure and postoperative short-term outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-023-03165-9.
Project description:BackgroundTo investigate whether indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging can be used to evaluate chronic and acute liver injury induced by either a high-fat (HF) diet or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).MethodsSprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, HF diet-induced model group, and CCl4-induced model group. The chronic and acute liver injury models were induced by a HF diet and intraperitoneal injection of CCl4, respectively. After HF feeding, the liver index, levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of the rats were determined. The livers were also collected to evaluate histopathology damage by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. After in vitro perfusion of the liver and ICG administration, the liver fluorescence intensity and corresponding spectral value were measured by using real-image guided system (REAL-IGS).ResultsAfter HF feeding, the liver index and levels of serum ALT and AST were significantly increased, and the livers of the rats showed severe histopathological changes. Compared with the control group, the hepatic lobes of the model rats exhibited incomplete green fluorescence, and the corresponding spectral value was markedly reduced.ConclusionsICG fluorescence imaging can be used to evaluate liver injury induced by either a HF diet or CCl4.
Project description:INTRODUCTION:Total laparoscopic living donor right hepatectomy (TLDRH) is sporadically reported worldwide. Liver transection margin used to be determined by ischemic demarcation or intraoperative ultrasonography. To identify the site of bile duct division relied on preoperative MRCP and intraoperative cholangiography, which is experience demanding. PRESENTATION OF CASE:A 34-year-old man volunteered for living donation to his brother who suffered decompensated HBV-related cirrhosis. Right lobe donation without MHV fulfilled the volumetric criteria. After hilum dissection, ICG was injected into the right portal branch. Right lobe was transected tracing the real-time fluorescence-enhanced borderline and the course of MHV. The right bile duct was transected above the bifurcation that was fluorescently visualized within the parenchyma. The liver graft was retrieved from a pre-made suprapubic incision after simple vascular clamping. The warm ischemia time was 6 min. The recipient procedure was successful with back-table graft venoplasty using cryopreserved iliac artery allografts. The donor recovered uneventfully and was discharged from hospital on POD 7. DISCUSSION:The operative time, blood loss and postoperative course of donor is comparable to those undergoing ordinary laparoscopic right hepatectomy in our institute. ICG fluorescence can real-timely visualize the surgical margin and biliary branches of right lobe, which helps preserve every last bit of functional liver volume for the donor and avoid the complicated traditional intraoperative cholangiography. CONCLUSION:TLDRH proves to be achievable in surgical teams confortable with both laparoscopic hepatectomy and LDLT. ICG fluorescence navigation could make the procedure simplified, safer and more accurate. More practice and technical modification are necessary.
Project description:BackgroundTo describe our technique for using an intraureteral injection of indocyanine green (ICG) and visualization under near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) to facilitate challenging upper urinary tract reconstructions (UUTRs) and to present the comparative outcomes.MethodsWe collected 36 patients who underwent laparoscopic UUTRs between April 2019 and March 2020, and we divided the patients into two groups based on the use of ICG (ICG group and non-ICG group). Demographic characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and functional outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere were 18 cases in the ICG group and 18 cases in the non-ICG group, respectively. There were no differences in the baseline characteristics between the two groups. The intraoperative time to identification of the ureter (TIU; 20.9±11.7 vs. 30.0±14.6 min, P=0.03) and length of postoperative hospital stay (LPHS; 11.1±3.0 vs. 16.6±10.0 days, P=0.03) were significantly shorter in the ICG group. There was also a trend for lesser time for locating the stricture (43.0±27.9 vs. 55.4±18.6 min, P=0.14) and lower estimated blood loss (EBL) in the ICG group patients (88.3±75.4 vs. 91.7±46.2 mL, P=0.22). During the mean 3.8-month follow-up for the ICG group and the 6.2-month for the non-ICG group, there was a trend for more severe complications in the non-ICG group.ConclusionsVisualizing intraureteral ICG under NIRF is useful in challenging UUTRs, allows for rapid ureteral identification and accurate real-time delineation of the ureteral stricture margins, and provides encouraging follow-up outcomes compared with those in the non-ICG group.