Dataset Information

The association between short and long-term exposure to PM_2.5 and temperature and hospital admissions in New England and the synergistic effect of the short-term exposures.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM_2.5) and heat are strong predictors of morbidity, yet few studies have examined the effects of long-term exposures on non-fatal events, or assessed the short and long-term effect on health simultaneously.

Objective

We jointly investigated the association of short and long-term exposures to PM_2.5 and temperature with hospital admissions, and explored the modification of the associations with the short-term exposures by one another and by temperature variability.

Methods

Daily ZIP code counts of respiratory, cardiac and stroke admissions of adults ≥65 (N = 2,015,660) were constructed across New-England (2001-2011). Daily PM_2.5 and temperature exposure estimates were obtained from satellite-based spatio-temporally resolved models. For each admission cause, a Poisson regression was fit on short and long-term exposures, with a random intercept for ZIP code. Modifications of the short-term effects were tested by adding interaction terms with temperature, PM_2.5 and temperature variability.

Results

Associations between short and long-term exposures were observed for all of the outcomes, with stronger effects of long-term exposures to PM_2.5. For respiratory admissions, the short-term PM_2.5 effect (percent increase per IQR) was larger on warmer days (1.12% versus -0.53%) and in months of higher temperature variability (1.63% versus -0.45%). The short-term temperature effect was higher in months of higher temperature variability as well. For cardiac admissions, the PM_2.5 effect was larger on colder days (0.56% versus -0.30%) and in months of higher temperature variability (0.99% versus -0.56%).

Conclusions

We observed synergistic effects of short-term exposures to PM_2.5, temperature and temperature variability. Long-term exposures to PM_2.5 were associated with larger effects compared to short-term exposures.

SUBMITTER: Yitshak-Sade M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6051434 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The association between short and long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and temperature and hospital admissions in New England and the synergistic effect of the short-term exposures.

Yitshak-Sade Maayan M Bobb Jennifer F JF Schwartz Joel D JD Kloog Itai I Zanobetti Antonella A

The Science of the total environment 20180526

<h4>Background</h4>Particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and heat are strong predictors of morbidity, yet few studies have examined the effects of long-term exposures on non-fatal events, or assessed the short and long-term effect on health simultaneously.<h4>Objective</h4>We jointly investigated the association of short and long-term exposures to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and temperature with hospital admissions, and explored the modification of the associations with the short-term ...[more]

PMID: 29929325

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Project description:Ambient particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns PM2.5) levels in Delhi routinely exceed World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for acceptable levels of daily exposure. Only a handful of studies have examined the short-term mortality effects of PM in India, with none from Delhi examining the contribution of PM2.5.ObjectivesWe aimed to analyze the association between short-term PM2.5 exposures and daily nonaccidental mortality in Delhi, India.MethodsUsing generalized additive Poisson regression models, we examined the association between daily PM2.5 exposures and nonaccidental mortality between June 2010 and December 2016. Daily exposures to PM2.5 were estimated using an ensemble averaging technique developed by our research group, and mortality data were obtained from the Municipal Corporations of Delhi and the New Delhi Municipal Council.ResultsMedian exposures to PM2.5 were 91.1 µg/m3 (interquartile range = 68.9, 126.2), with minimum and maximum exposures of 21.4 µg/m3 and 276.7 µg/m3, respectively. Total nonaccidental deaths recorded in Delhi during the study period were 700,512. Each 25 µg/m3 increment in exposure was associated with a 0.8% (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.3, 1.3%) increase in daily nonaccidental mortality in the study population and a 1.5% (95% CI = 0.8, 2.2%) increase in mortality among those with 60 years of age or over. The exposure-response relationship was nonlinear in nature, with relative risk rising rapidly before tapering off above 125 µg/m3. Meeting WHO guidelines for acceptable levels of exposure over the study period would have likely averted 17,526 (95% CI = 6,837, 25,589) premature deaths, with older and male populations disproportionately affected.DiscussionThis study provides robust evidence of the impact of short-term exposure to PM2.5 on nonaccidental mortality with important considerations for various stakeholders including policymakers and physicians. Most importantly, we find that reducing exposures significantly below current levels would substantially decrease the mortality burden associated with PM2.5.

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Dataset Information

The association between short and long-term exposure to PM_2.5 and temperature and hospital admissions in New England and the synergistic effect of the short-term exposures.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

The association between short and long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and temperature and hospital admissions in New England and the synergistic effect of the short-term exposures.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Dataset Information

The association between short and long-term exposure to PM2.5 and temperature and hospital admissions in New England and the synergistic effect of the short-term exposures.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

The association between short and long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and temperature and hospital admissions in New England and the synergistic effect of the short-term exposures.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

The association between short and long-term exposure to PM_2.5 and temperature and hospital admissions in New England and the synergistic effect of the short-term exposures.