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Loading lime by-product into derivative cellulose carrier for food enrichment.

ABSTRACT: The objective here is to enrich orange juice through encapsulated lime by-product extract (LBE) through freeze-drying, in order to increase lime by-product consumption, in addition to increasing nutrition value of orange juice. The properties of both the LBE and microparticles are measured. The total polyphenolic compound (TPC) was measured to be 34.5 ± 0.5 (mg gallic acid/g LBE). The obtained value of encapsulation efficiency (EE) was within the 55%-70% range. The encapsulation method was satisfactory. The particle size is within 10-21 μm range, and differences between all treatments were statistically notable (p < 0.05). The lack of melting peaks in the thermal profiles by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of microparticles confirmed that hesperidin was well embedded in the polymeric cover. According to the sensory evaluations of orange juice which was enriched with LBE microparticles, the bitter taste was not perceived in some treatments.

SUBMITTER: Afkhami R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6657750 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Loading lime by-product into derivative cellulose carrier for food enrichment.

Afkhami Rana R Goli Mohammad M Keramat Javad J

Food science & nutrition 20190604 7

The objective here is to enrich orange juice through encapsulated lime by-product extract (LBE) through freeze-drying, in order to increase lime by-product consumption, in addition to increasing nutrition value of orange juice. The properties of both the LBE and microparticles are measured. The total polyphenolic compound (TPC) was measured to be 34.5 ± 0.5 (mg gallic acid/g LBE). The obtained value of encapsulation efficiency (EE) was within the 55%-70% range. The encapsulation method was satis ...[more]

PMID: 31367364

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Project description:BackgroundAs a green alternative for the production of transportation fuels, the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose and subsequent fermentation to ethanol are being intensively researched. To be economically feasible, the hydrolysis of lignocellulose must be conducted at a high concentration of solids, which results in high concentrations of hydrolysis end-products, cellobiose and glucose, making the relief of product inhibition of cellulases a major challenge in the process. However, little quantitative information on the product inhibition of individual cellulases acting on cellulose substrates is available because it is experimentally difficult to assess the hydrolysis of the heterogeneous polymeric substrate in the high background of added products.ResultsThe cellobiose and glucose inhibition of thermostable cellulases from Acremonium thermophilum, Thermoascus aurantiacus, and Chaetomium thermophilum acting on uniformly 14C-labeled bacterial cellulose and its derivatives, 14C-bacterial microcrystalline cellulose and 14C-amorphous cellulose, was studied. Cellulases from Trichoderma reesei were used for comparison. The enzymes most sensitive to cellobiose inhibition were glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 7 cellobiohydrolases (CBHs), followed by family 6 CBHs and endoglucanases (EGs). The strength of glucose inhibition followed the same order. The product inhibition of all enzymes was relieved at higher temperatures. The inhibition strength measured for GH7 CBHs with low molecular-weight model substrates did not correlate with that measured with 14C-cellulose substrates.ConclusionsGH7 CBHs are the primary targets for product inhibition of the synergistic hydrolysis of cellulose. The inhibition must be studied on cellulose substrates instead of on low molecular-weight model substrates when selecting enzymes for lignocellulose hydrolysis. The advantages of using higher temperatures are an increase in the catalytic efficiency of enzymes and the relief of product inhibition.

Dataset Information

Loading lime by-product into derivative cellulose carrier for food enrichment.

Publications

Loading lime by-product into derivative cellulose carrier for food enrichment.

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