Landfill leachates and wastewater of maritime origin as possible sources of endocrine disruptors in municipal wastewater.

ABSTRACT: In this study, wastewater from municipal services, such as a port wastewater reception facility (PRF-WW) and a municipal solid waste plant (MSWP), was tested for the presence of the suspected endocrine-disrupting compounds phthalates (PAEs) and bisphenol A (BPA). PAEs and BPA were found in this study in high concentrations in raw wastewater obtained from passenger ships (RMT-WWs) (up to 738 ?g/L and 957 ?g/L, respectively) collected in the Port of Gdynia and in landfill leachates (LLs) (up to 536 ?g/L and up to 2202 ?g/L, respectively) from a MSWP located near Gdynia. In particular, the presence of reprotoxic di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP, up to 536 ?g/L in LLs and up to 738 ?g/L in RMT-WWs) requires further action because if this compound, as well as other PAEs and BPA, is not degraded by activated sludge microorganisms, it may reach receiving waters and adversely impact aquatic organisms. Therefore, PAEs and BPA should be removed either during the onsite pretreatment of tested industrial wastewater or during tertiary treatment at municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs, representing end-of-pipe technology). Graphical abstract.

SUBMITTER: Wilk BK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6719331 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature