Genomic stability, anti-inflammatory phenotype, and up-regulation of the RNAseH2 in cells from centenarians.

ABSTRACT: Current literature agrees on the notion that efficient DNA repair favors longevity across evolution. The DNA damage response machinery activates inflammation and type I interferon signaling. Both pathways play an acknowledged role in the pathogenesis of a variety of age-related diseases and are expected to be detrimental for human longevity. Here, we report on the anti-inflammatory molecular make-up of centenarian's fibroblasts (low levels of IL-6, type 1 interferon beta, and pro-inflammatory microRNAs), which is coupled with low level of DNA damage (measured by comet assay and histone-2AX activation) and preserved telomere length. In the same cells, high levels of the RNAseH2C enzyme subunit and low amounts of RNAseH2 substrates, i.e. cytoplasmic RNA:DNA hybrids are present. Moreover, RNAseH2C locus is hypo-methylated and RNAseH2C knock-down up-regulates IL-6 and type 1 interferon beta in centenarian's fibroblasts. Interestingly, RNAseH2C locus is hyper-methylated in vitro senescent cells and in tissues from atherosclerotic plaques and breast tumors. Finally, extracellular vesicles from centenarian's cells up-regulate RNAseH2C expression and dampen the pro-inflammatory phenotype of fibroblasts, myeloid, and cancer cells. These data suggest that centenarians are endowed with restrained DNA damage-induced inflammatory response, that may facilitate their escape from the deleterious effects of age-related chronic inflammation.

SUBMITTER: Storci G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6748076 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature