Dataset Information

Comparison of the Acute Postprandial Circulating B-Vitamin and Vitamer Responses to Single Breakfast Meals in Young and Older Individuals: Preliminary Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT: B-vitamin deficiency is common in ageing populations either due to altered dietary habits or altered digestive and metabolic functions. There is limited data on the acute circulating concentrations of B-vitamins and their various forms (vitamers), following ingestion of realistic meals. This study compared the acute circulating B-vitamin and vitamer responses to either an energy-dense (ED) or a nutrient-dense (ND) breakfast meal, consumed in a randomized cross-over sequence, in older and younger adults (n = 15 and 15, aged 67.3 ± 1.5 and 22.7 ± 0.5 years (mean ± SEM), respectively). Eleven differing B-vitamins and vitamers were determined in plasma samples by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, in the fasting and postprandial state (hourly for 5 h). While postprandial thiamine concentration increased following both meals, riboflavin increased only following a ND meal in both age groups. Many vitamins including nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxal-5'phosphate, and 4-pyridoxic acid remained unaltered, and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), nicotinamide and nicotinuric acid concentrations reduced following both meals. Biological age and food composition had minimal impact on postprandial B-vitamin concentrations, yet the differences between the ED and ND meals for riboflavin highlight the importance of riboflavin intake to achieve adequacy.

SUBMITTER: Sharma P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6950174 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of the Acute Postprandial Circulating B-Vitamin and Vitamer Responses to Single Breakfast Meals in Young and Older Individuals: Preliminary Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Sharma Pankaja P Gillies Nicola N Pundir Shikha S Pileggi Chantal A CA Markworth James F JF Thorstensen Eric B EB Cameron-Smith David D Milan Amber M AM

Nutrients 20191128 12

B-vitamin deficiency is common in ageing populations either due to altered dietary habits or altered digestive and metabolic functions. There is limited data on the acute circulating concentrations of B-vitamins and their various forms (vitamers), following ingestion of realistic meals. This study compared the acute circulating B-vitamin and vitamer responses to either an energy-dense (ED) or a nutrient-dense (ND) breakfast meal, consumed in a randomized cross-over sequence, in older and younger ...[more]

PMID: 31795162

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Project description:BackgroundNutrient profiling methods can be applied to individual foods or to composite meals. This article introduces a new method to assess the nutrient density of breakfast meals.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a new breakfast quality score (BQS), based on the nutrient standards previously published by the International Breakfast Research Initiative (IBRI) consortium.MethodsBQS was composed of three sub-scores derived from the weighted arithmetic mean of corresponding nutrient adequacy: an eLIMf sub-score (energy, saturated fat, free sugars, and sodium), a PF (protein and fiber) sub-score, and a VMn1 - 14 micronutrient sub-score, where n varied from 0 to 14. The effects of assigning different weights to the eLIMf, PF, and VMn were explored in four alternative models. The micronutrients were calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin D. Micronutrient permutations were used to develop alternate VMn1 - 14 sub-scores. The breakfast database used in this study came from all breakfasts declared as consumed by adults (>18 years old) in the French dietary survey INCA3. All models were tested with respect to the Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3). BQS sensitivity was tested using three prototype French breakfasts, for which improvements were made.ResultsThe correlations of the models with NRF9.3 improved when the VMn>3 sub-score (n > 3) was included alongside the PF and eLIMf sub-scores. The model with (PF+VMn) and eLIMf each accounting for 50% of the total score showed the highest correlations with NRF9.3 and was the preferred final score (i.e., BQS). BQS was sensitive to the changing quality of three prototype breakfasts defined as tartine, sandwich, and cereal.ConclusionThe proposed BQS was shown to valuably rank the nutritional density of breakfast meals against a set of nutrient recommendations. It includes nutrients to limit along with protein, fiber, and a variable number of micronutrients to encourage. The flexible VMn sub-score allows for the evaluation of breakfast quality even when nutrient composition data are limited.

Project description:BackgroundHigh intake of whole grains has consistently been associated with reduced risk of obesity, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes. Dietary interventions have shown beneficial metabolic effects of whole grains, but the metabolic response varies with different types of cereals.ObjectivesWe evaluate the metabolic effects of substituting refined wheat with wholegrain rye foods within a complex diet, examining the day-long postprandial response of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, glucose, and inflammatory biomarkers in individuals with overweight and obesity.MethodsTwenty-nine healthy adults with body mass index of 32 ± 9 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to 3 intervention days, separated by 1-wk washout. Participants adhered to a hypocaloric diet rich in wholegrain rye for 1 intervention and refined wheat for the second intervention and were randomly assigned to either diet for the third intervention with continuous blood sampling.ResultsNo differences in GIP, GLP-1, or ghrelin levels were found between the diets when measured throughout the whole intervention day. GIP total area under the curve after the rye-based lunch was 31% (P < 0.05) lower compared with the wheat-based lunch, and ghrelin concentrations were 29% (P < 0.05) lower after the rye-based dinner. Baseline Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance-adjusted model showed 61% (P = 0.015) lower whole-day GLP-1 and 40% (P = 0.03) lower GIP after the rye-based diet. Day-long glucose incremental area under the curve was 30% (P < 0.001) lower after the rye-based diet, and glycemic variability was measured as SD reduced (-0.13 mmol/L, P = 0.04). The rye-based diet compared with refined wheat induced higher glycoprotein N-acetylation A, as measured by z-scores (0.36, P = 0.014).ConclusionsOverall, no day-long differences in gut hormone levels were observed, but the wholegrain rye-based compared with refined wheat-based dinner showed lower postprandial ghrelin concentrations. The rye-based diet improved day-long glycemic control in individuals with overweight and obesity. Observations of diet-induced inflammation after whole-grain rye intake warrant further investigation.Trial registration numberThis study was registered at Clinical Trials Registry of clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05004584): https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05004584?locStr=Gothenburg,%20Sweden&country=Sweden&state=V%C3%A4stra%20G%C3%B6taland%20County&city=Gothenburg&distance=50&term=appetite&aggFilters=status:com&rank=1.

Dataset Information

Comparison of the Acute Postprandial Circulating B-Vitamin and Vitamer Responses to Single Breakfast Meals in Young and Older Individuals: Preliminary Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Publications

Comparison of the Acute Postprandial Circulating B-Vitamin and Vitamer Responses to Single Breakfast Meals in Young and Older Individuals: Preliminary Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Similar Datasets

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