Dataset Information

Diet quality of Japanese adults with respect to age, sex, and income level in the National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Although several studies in Western countries show that higher socioeconomic status is associated with higher diet quality, no study has observed this association in Japan. In the current study, we examined the association between diet quality and the combinations of age, sex, and household income, and also compared the dietary intake between diet quality levels according to household income.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan in 2014.

Participants

2785 men and 3215 women.

Results

Higher Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top scores (better diet quality) were observed in older women, especially those with higher household income, whereas lower scores were observed in younger men with lower household income. Those having low quality diet, especially in low income households, had higher odds of not meeting the recommended amounts of the Japanese dietary guidelines, than those having high quality diet.

Conclusions

Diet quality in Japanese adults differed by age and sex as well as by household income level. A different approach to diet quality improvement is needed according to population characteristics including not only age and sex but also social economic status.

SUBMITTER: Kurotani K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7282861 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Diet quality of Japanese adults with respect to age, sex, and income level in the National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan.

Kurotani Kayo K Ishikawa-Takata Kazuko K Takimoto Hidemi H

Public health nutrition 20191118 5

<h4>Objective</h4>Although several studies in Western countries show that higher socioeconomic status is associated with higher diet quality, no study has observed this association in Japan. In the current study, we examined the association between diet quality and the combinations of age, sex, and household income, and also compared the dietary intake between diet quality levels according to household income.<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional study.<h4>Setting</h4>National Health and Nutrition Surv ...[more]

PMID: 31736456

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Project description:High-fat diets are associated with increased obesity and metabolic disease in mice and humans. Here we used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to scrutinize a microarray data set consisting of 10 inbred strains of mice from both sexes fed atherogenic high-fat and control chow diets. An overall F-test was applied to the 40 unique groups of strain-diet-sex to identify 15,288 genes with altered transcription. Bootstrapping k-means clustering separated these changes into four strain-dependent expression patterns, including two sex-related profiles and two diet-related profiles. Sex-induced effects correspond to secretion (males) or fat and energy metabolism (females), whereas diet-induced changes relate to neurological processes (chow) or immune response (high-fat). The full set of pairwise contrasts for differences between strains within sex (90 different statistical tests) uncovered 32,379 total changes. These differences were unevenly distributed across strains and between sexes, indicating that strain-specific responses to high-fat diet differ between sexes. Correlations between expression levels and 8 obesity-related traits identified 5,274 associations between transcript abundance and measured phenotypic endpoints. From this number, 2,678 genes are positively correlated with total cholesterol levels and associate with immune-related categories while 2,596 genes are negatively correlated with cholesterol and connect to cholesterol synthesis. Keywords: gene expression analysis, strain comparision, effect of dietary fat, sex-specific effects One group of mice was fed an atherogenic high-fat (30% fat) diet containing cholic acid to increase fat uptake and another was fed a low-fat (6% fat) regular chow diet. Males and females from both diets were studied for mouse strains 129S1/SvImJ, A/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, CAST/EiJ, DBA/2J, I/LnJ, MRL/MpJ-Tnfrsf6lpr/J, NZB/BINJ, PERA/Ei, and SM/J. All strains were sacrificed between 11- and 13 weeks of age except for CAST and PERA, which were harvested after 50 weeks of age. CAST and PERA were subsequently removed from our analysis based on discrepant harvest age, but can be found in our database (see below). Three replicate animals were used for each combination of diet, strain, and sex, resulting in a total of 120 mice surveyed for gene expression.

Dataset Information

Diet quality of Japanese adults with respect to age, sex, and income level in the National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Diet quality of Japanese adults with respect to age, sex, and income level in the National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan.

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