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Thiol-Functionalized Membranes for Mercury Capture from Water.

ABSTRACT: Pore functionalized membranes with appropriate ion exchange/chelate groups allow toxic metal sorption under convective flow conditions. This study explores the sorption capacity of ionic mercury in a polyvinylidene fluoride-poly(acrylic acid) (PVDFs-PAA) functionalized membrane immobilized with cysteamine (MEA). Two methods of MEA immobilization to the PVDF-PAA membrane have been assessed: (i) ion exchange (IE) and (ii) carbodiimide cross-linker chemistry using 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), known as EDC/NHS coupling. The ion exchange method demonstrates that cysteamine (MEA) can be immobilized effectively on PVDF-PAA membranes without covalent attachment. The effectiveness of the MEA immobilized membranes to remove ionic mercury from the water was evaluated by passing a dissolved mercury(II) nitrate solution through the membranes. The sorption capacity of mercury for MEA immobilized membrane prepared by the IE method is 1015 mg/g PAA. On the other hand, the sorption capacity of mercury for MEA immobilized membrane prepared by EDC/NHS chemistry is 2446 mg/g PAA, indicating that membrane functionalization by EDC/NHS coupling enhanced mercury sorption 2.4 times compared to the IE method. The efficiencies of Hg removal are 94.1 ± 1.1 and 99.1 ± 0.1% for the MEA immobilized membranes prepared by IE and EDC/NHS coupling methods, respectively. These results show potential applications of MEA immobilized PVDF-PAA membranes for industrial wastewater treatment specifically from energy and mining industries to remove mercury and other toxic metals.

SUBMITTER: Hernandez S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7668402 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Thiol-Functionalized Membranes for Mercury Capture from Water.

Hernández Sebastián S Islam Md Saiful MS Thompson Samuel S Kearschner Madison M Hatakeyama Evan E Malekzadeh Nga N Hoelen Thomas T Bhattacharyya Dibakar D

Industrial & engineering chemistry research 20190822 12

Pore functionalized membranes with appropriate ion exchange/chelate groups allow toxic metal sorption under convective flow conditions. This study explores the sorption capacity of ionic mercury in a polyvinylidene fluoride-poly(acrylic acid) (PVDFs-PAA) functionalized membrane immobilized with cysteamine (MEA). Two methods of MEA immobilization to the PVDF-PAA membrane have been assessed: (i) ion exchange (IE) and (ii) carbodiimide cross-linker chemistry using 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl ...[more]

PMID: 33208988

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Project description:This study demonstrates a three-step process consisting of primary pre-filtration followed by ultrafiltration (UF) and adsorption with thiol-functionalized microfiltration membranes (thiol membranes) to effectively remove mercury sulfide nanoparticles (HgS NPs) and dissolved mercury (Hg2+) from wastewater. Thiol membranes were synthesized by incorporating either cysteine (Cys) or cysteamine (CysM) precursors onto polyacrylic acid (PAA)-functionalized polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. Carbodiimide chemistry was used to cross-link thiol (-SH) groups on membranes for metal adsorption. The thiol membranes and intermediates of the synthesis were tested for permeability and long-term mercury removal using synthetic waters and industrial wastewater spiked with HgS NPs and a Hg2+ salt. Results show that treatment of the spiked wastewater with a UF membrane removed HgS NPs to below the method detection level (<2 ppb) for up to 12.5 h of operation. Flux reductions that occurred during the experiment were reversible by washing with water, suggesting negligible permanent fouling. Dissolved Hg2+ species were removed to non-detection levels by passing the UF-treated wastewater through a CysM thiol membrane. The adsorption efficiency in this long-term study (>20 h) was approximately 97%. Addition of Ca2+ cations reduced the adsorption efficiencies to 82% for the CysM membrane and to 40% for the Cys membrane. The inferior performance of Cys membranes may be explained by the presence of a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group in Cys, which may interfere in the adsorption process in the presence of multiple cations because of multication absorption. CysM membranes may therefore be more effective for treatment of wastewater than Cys membranes. Focused ion beam characterization of a CysM membrane cross section demonstrates that the adsorption of heavy metals is not limited to the membrane surface but takes place across the entire pore length. Experimental results for adsorptions of selected heavy metals on thiol membranes over a wide range of operating conditions could be predicted with modeling. These results show promising potential industrial applications of thiol-functionalized membranes.

Dataset Information

Thiol-Functionalized Membranes for Mercury Capture from Water.

Publications

Thiol-Functionalized Membranes for Mercury Capture from Water.

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