Dataset Information

Cue-based treatment for light smokers: A proof of concept pilot.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Light smoking (smoking ≤ 10 cigarettes per day or on some days) has become increasingly prevalent in the US and increases morbidity and mortality. Many light smokers do not experience significant nicotine withdrawal but instead smoke in response to cues. Minimal evidence exists supporting interventions to help light smokers quit smoking.

Methods

We present results from a proof-of-concept pilot study designed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a cue-based smoking cessation intervention targeted to light daily and intermittent smokers. Participants were randomized to one of two arms: Arm 1) standard smoking cessation treatment or Arm 2) standard smoking cessation treatment + enhanced cue-based treatment that included interactive texting to extend cue exposure treatment to real-world settings and cue management counseling.Outcomes included feasibility (number of participants who were recruited and who completed the intervention), acceptability (intervention ratings), and preliminary efficacy (7-day point prevalence abstinence).

Results

We randomized 24 English and Spanish-speaking light smokers, 13 to the treatment arm and 11 to the control arm. Across both arms, 77% attended all counseling sessions, 90% rated these sessions as very useful and 100% said that they would recommend the intervention to a friend. 15% in the treatment arm had biochemically-validated smoking abstinence compared to 0% in the standard counseling arm.

Conclusions

Results from this proof-of-concept study demonstrated that a cue-based intervention is feasible and acceptable among light smokers and suggests the need for a fully powered study to assess this approach.

Trial registration

This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT03416621.

SUBMITTER: Pollak KI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7785640 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Cue-based treatment for light smokers: A proof of concept pilot.

Pollak Kathryn I KI Oliver Jason A JA Pieper Carl C Davis James M JM Gao Xiaomei X Noonan Devon D Kennedy Danielle D Granados Isa I Fish Laura J LJ

Addictive behaviors 20201017

<h4>Introduction</h4>Light smoking (smoking ≤ 10 cigarettes per day or on some days) has become increasingly prevalent in the US and increases morbidity and mortality. Many light smokers do not experience significant nicotine withdrawal but instead smoke in response to cues. Minimal evidence exists supporting interventions to help light smokers quit smoking.<h4>Methods</h4>We present results from a proof-of-concept pilot study designed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a cue-based ...[more]

PMID: 33109394

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Project description:BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD), associated with significant morbidity and mortality, continues to be a major public health problem. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the impact of AUD, with a 25% increase in alcohol-related mortality from 2019 to 2020. Thus, innovative treatments for AUD are urgently needed. While inpatient alcohol withdrawal management (detoxification) is often an entry point for recovery, most do not successfully link to ongoing treatment. Transitions between inpatient and outpatient treatment pose many challenges to successful treatment continuation. Peer recovery coaches-individuals with the lived experience of recovery who obtain training to be coaches-are increasingly used to assist individuals with AUD and may provide a degree of continuity during this transition.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using an existing care coordination app (Lifeguard) to assist peer recovery coaches in supporting patients after discharge and facilitating linkage to care.MethodsThis study was conducted on an American Society of Addiction Medicine-Level IV inpatient withdrawal management unit within an academic medical center in Boston, MA. After providing informed consent, participants were contacted by the coach through the app, and after discharge, received daily prompts to complete a modified version of the brief addiction monitor (BAM). The BAM inquired about alcohol use, risky, and protective factors. The coach sent daily motivational texts and appointment reminders and checked in if BAM responses were concerning. Postdischarge follow-up continued for 30 days. The following feasibility outcomes were evaluated: (1) proportion of participants engaging with the coach before discharge, (2) proportion of participants and the number of days engaging with the coach after discharge, (3) proportion of participants and the number of days responding to BAM prompts, and (4) proportion of participants successfully linking with addiction treatment by 30-day follow-up.ResultsAll 10 participants were men, averaged 50.5 years old, and were mostly White (n=6), non-Hispanic (n=9), and single (n=8). Overall, 8 participants successfully engaged with the coach prior to discharge. Following discharge, 6 participants continued to engage with the coach, doing so on an average of 5.3 days (SD 7.3, range 0-20 days); 5 participants responded to the BAM prompts during the follow-up, doing so on an average of 4.6 days (SD 6.9, range 0-21 days). Half (n=5) successfully linked with ongoing addiction treatment during the follow-up. The participants who engaged with the coach post discharge, compared to those who did not, were significantly more likely to link with treatment (83% vs 0%, χ2=6.67, P=.01).ConclusionsThe results demonstrated that a digitally assisted peer recovery coach may be feasible in facilitating linkage to care following discharge from inpatient withdrawal management treatment. Further research is warranted to evaluate the potential role for peer recovery coaches in improving postdischarge outcomes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05393544; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05393544.

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Dataset Information

Cue-based treatment for light smokers: A proof of concept pilot.

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Trial registration

Publications

Cue-based treatment for light smokers: A proof of concept pilot.

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