Dataset Information

Postprandial glycemic response differed by early life nutritional exposure in a longitudinal cohort: a single- and multi-biomarker approach.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Populations malnourished in early life are at increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases. We assessed if improved nutrition predicts cardiometabolic function, as assessed by postprandial biomarker responses.

Methods

Participants had been randomized at the village level to receive one of two nutritional supplements as children. At mean age 44 y (range 37-53 years), we obtained plasma samples before and 2 h after a mixed-component meal challenge. We assayed biomarkers including lipids, glycemic measurements, and inflammatory cytokines. We compared postprandial biomarker responses among those who received the improved nutrition intervention from conception through to their second birthday (the first 1000 days) to those with other exposure status, including those who received the improved nutrition intervention at other ages, and those who received the less nutritious supplement.

Results

Among 1027 participants (59.4% female), 22.9% were exposed to improved nutrition in the first 1000 days. Insulin increased the most in response to the meal challenge (over twofold), and non-esterified fatty acids decreased the most (by half). Glucose increased postprandial by 11.4% in the exposed group, compared with 15.7% in the other exposure group (p < 0.05), which remained significant after adjusting for confounders (- 4.7%; 95% confidence interval: - 9.3%, - 0.01%). Responses to the prandial challenges for the other biomarkers did not differ by intervention group (all p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Early life exposure to improved nutrition was associated with a more favorable postprandial glucose response in this population. We did not observe a difference in overall cardiometabolic responses between the exposure groups.

SUBMITTER: He S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7987862 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Postprandial glycemic response differed by early life nutritional exposure in a longitudinal cohort: a single- and multi-biomarker approach.

He Siran S Le Ngoc-Anh NA Ramìrez-Zea Manuel M Martorell Reynaldo R Narayan K M Venkat KMV Stein Aryeh D AD

European journal of nutrition 20200924 4

<h4>Purpose</h4>Populations malnourished in early life are at increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases. We assessed if improved nutrition predicts cardiometabolic function, as assessed by postprandial biomarker responses.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants had been randomized at the village level to receive one of two nutritional supplements as children. At mean age 44 y (range 37-53 years), we obtained plasma samples before and 2 h after a mixed-component meal challenge. We assayed biomarkers inclu ...[more]

PMID: 32970235

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Project description:Background: The potential impact of prior meal composition on the postprandial glycemic response and glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) value determinations remains unclear.Objective: We determined the effect of meals that varied in macronutrient composition on the glycemic response and determination of GI and GL values of a subsequent standard test food.Design: Twenty healthy participants underwent 6 test sessions within 12 wk. The subjects received each of 3 isocaloric breakfast meals (i.e., high carbohydrate, high fat, or high protein) on separate days in a random order, which was followed by a standard set of challenges (i.e., white bread and a glucose drink) that were tested on separate days in a random order 4 h thereafter. Each challenge provided 50 g available carbohydrate. Arterialized venous blood was sampled throughout the 2-h postchallenge period. GI, GL, and insulin index (II) values were calculated with the use of the incremental area under the curve (AUCi) method, and serum lipids were determined with the use of standard assays.Results: The consumption of the high-protein breakfast before the white-bread challenge attenuated the rise in the postprandial serum glucose response (P < 0.0001) and resulted in lower glucose AUCi (P < 0.0001), GI (P = 0.0096), and GL (P = 0.0101) values than did the high-carbohydrate and high-fat breakfasts. The high-protein breakfast resulted in a lower insulin AUCi (P = 0.0146) for white bread than did the high-fat breakfast and a lower II value (P = 0.0285) than did the high-carbohydrate breakfast. The 3 breakfasts resulted in similar serum lipid responses to the white-bread challenge.Conclusions: These data indicate that the macronutrient composition of the prior meal influences the glycemic response and the determination of GI and GL values for white bread. Future studies are needed to determine whether the background food macronutrient composition influences mean dietary GI and GL values that are calculated for eating patterns, which may alter the interpretation of the associations between these values and chronic disease risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01023646.

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Dataset Information

Postprandial glycemic response differed by early life nutritional exposure in a longitudinal cohort: a single- and multi-biomarker approach.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Postprandial glycemic response differed by early life nutritional exposure in a longitudinal cohort: a single- and multi-biomarker approach.

Similar Datasets

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