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A model for a partnership of lipid transfer proteins and scramblases in membrane expansion and organelle biogenesis.

ABSTRACT: The autophagy protein ATG2, proposed to transfer bulk lipid from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during autophagosome biogenesis, interacts with ER residents TMEM41B and VMP1 and with ATG9, in Golgi-derived vesicles that initiate autophagosome formation. In vitro assays reveal TMEM41B, VMP1, and ATG9 as scramblases. We propose a model wherein membrane expansion results from the partnership of a lipid transfer protein, moving lipids between the cytosolic leaflets of apposed organelles, and scramblases that reequilibrate the leaflets of donor and acceptor organelle membranes as lipids are depleted or augmented. TMEM41B and VMP1 are implicated broadly in lipid homeostasis and membrane dynamics processes in which their scrambling activities likely are key.

SUBMITTER: Ghanbarpour A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8072408 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A model for a partnership of lipid transfer proteins and scramblases in membrane expansion and organelle biogenesis.

Ghanbarpour Alireza A Valverde Diana P DP Melia Thomas J TJ Reinisch Karin M KM

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20210401 16

The autophagy protein ATG2, proposed to transfer bulk lipid from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during autophagosome biogenesis, interacts with ER residents TMEM41B and VMP1 and with ATG9, in Golgi-derived vesicles that initiate autophagosome formation. In vitro assays reveal TMEM41B, VMP1, and ATG9 as scramblases. We propose a model wherein membrane expansion results from the partnership of a lipid transfer protein, moving lipids between the cytosolic leaflets of apposed organelles, and scrambl ...[more]

PMID: 33850023

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