Swainsonine Triggers Paraptosis via ER Stress and MAPK Signaling Pathway in Rat Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells.

ABSTRACT: Swainsonine (SW), an indolizidine alkaloid extracted from locoweeds, was shown toxic effects in multiple studies, but the underlying action mechanism remains unclear. SW is known to cause autophagy and apoptosis, but there has been no report on paraptosis mediated cell death. Here, we showed that SW induced rat primary renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) death accompanied by vacuolation in vitro. The fluorescence with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Tracker Red and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results indicated that the vacuoles were of ER origin, typical of paraptosis. The level of ER stress markers, such as polyubiquitinated proteins, Bip, CHOP and cytoplasmic concentration of Ca²⁺ have drastically increased. Interestingly, autophagy inhibitor could not inte

SUBMITTER: Wang S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8383073 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature