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Structural and functional characterization of the bacterial biofilm activator RemA.

ABSTRACT: Bacillus subtilis can form structurally complex biofilms on solid or liquid surfaces, which requires expression of genes for matrix production. The transcription of these genes is activated by regulatory protein RemA, which binds to poorly conserved, repetitive DNA regions but lacks obvious DNA-binding motifs or domains. Here, we present the structure of the RemA homologue from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans, showing a unique octameric ring with the potential to form a 16-meric superstructure. These results, together with further biochemical and in vivo characterization of B. subtilis RemA, suggests that the protein can wrap DNA around its ring-like structure through a LytTR-related domain.

SUBMITTER: Hoffmann T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8481266 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Structural and functional characterization of the bacterial biofilm activator RemA.

Hoffmann Tamara T Mrusek Devid D Bedrunka Patricia P Burchert Fabiana F Mais Christopher-Nils CN Kearns Daniel B DB Altegoer Florian F Bremer Erhard E Bange Gert G

Nature communications 20210929 1

Bacillus subtilis can form structurally complex biofilms on solid or liquid surfaces, which requires expression of genes for matrix production. The transcription of these genes is activated by regulatory protein RemA, which binds to poorly conserved, repetitive DNA regions but lacks obvious DNA-binding motifs or domains. Here, we present the structure of the RemA homologue from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans, showing a unique octameric ring with the potential to form a 16-meric superstructure. ...[more]

PMID: 34588455

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Project description:Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules of microbial origin and alternatives to synthetic surfactants with various applications. Due to their environmental-friendliness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, effectiveness to work under various environmental conditions, and non-toxic nature, they have been recently recognized as potential agents with therapeutic and commercial importance. The biosurfactant produced by various probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has enormous applications in different fields. Thus, in vitro assessment of biofilm development prevention or disruption by natural biosurfactants derived from probiotic LAB is a plausible approach that can lead to the discovery of novel antimicrobials. Primarily, this study aims to isolate, screen, and characterize the functional and biomedical potential of biosurfactant synthesized by probiotic LAB Pediococcus pentosaceus (P. pentosaceus). Characterization consists of the assessment of critical micelle concentration (CMC), reduction in surface tension, and emulsification index (% EI24). Evaluation of antibacterial, antibiofilm, anti-QS, and anti-adhesive activities of cell-bound biosurfactants were carried out against different human pathogenic bacteria (B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. coli). Moreover, bacterial cell damage, viability of cells within the biofilm, and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production were also evaluated. As a result, P. pentosaceus was found to produce 4.75 ± 0.17 g/L biosurfactant, which displayed a CMC of 2.4 ± 0.68 g/L and reduced the surface tension from 71.11 ± 1.12 mN/m to 38.18 ± 0.58 mN/m. P. pentosaceus cells bound to the crude biosurfactant were found to be effective against all tested bacterial pathogens. It exhibited an anti-adhesion ability and impeded the architecture of the biofilm matrix by affecting the viability and integrity of bacterial cells within biofilms and reducing the total EPS content. Furthermore, the crude biosurfactant derived from P. pentosaceus was structurally characterized as a lipoprotein by GC-MS analysis, which confirms the presence of lipids and proteins. Thus, our findings represent the potent anti-adhesion and antibiofilm potential of P. pentosaceus crude biosurfactant for the first time, which may be explored further as an alternative to antibiotics or chemically synthesized toxic antibiofilm agents.

Dataset Information

Structural and functional characterization of the bacterial biofilm activator RemA.

Publications

Structural and functional characterization of the bacterial biofilm activator RemA.

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