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Folate-Targeted Monodisperse PEG-Based Conjugates Made by Chemo-Enzymatic Methods for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on preliminary in vitro and in vivo testing of new bivalent folate-targeted PEGylated doxorubicin (DOX) made by modular chemo-enzymatic processes (FA₂-dPEG-DOX₂). A unique feature is the use of monodisperse PEG (dPEG). The modular approach with enzyme catalysis ensures exclusive γ-conjugation of folic acid, full conversion and selectivity, and no metal catalyst residues. Flow cytometry analysis showed that at 10 µM concentration, both free DOX and FA₂-dPEG-DOX₂ would be taken up by 99.9% of triple-negative breast cancer cells in 2 h. Intratumoral injection to mice seemed to delay tumor growth more than intravenous delivery. The mouse health status, food, water consumption, and behavior remained unchanged during the observation.

SUBMITTER: Nagy KS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8509027 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Folate-Targeted Monodisperse PEG-Based Conjugates Made by Chemo-Enzymatic Methods for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Nagy Krisztina S KS Toth Krisztina K Pallinger Eva E Takacs Angela A Kohidai Laszlo L Jedlovszky-Hajdu Angela A Mathe Domokos D Kovacs Noemi N Veres Daniel S DS Szigeti Krisztian K Molnar Kristof K Krisch Eniko E Puskas Judit E JE

International journal of molecular sciences 20210926 19

This paper focuses on preliminary in vitro and in vivo testing of new bivalent folate-targeted PEGylated doxorubicin (DOX) made by modular chemo-enzymatic processes (FA2-dPEG-DOX2). A unique feature is the use of monodisperse PEG (dPEG). The modular approach with enzyme catalysis ensures exclusive γ-conjugation of folic acid, full conversion and selectivity, and no metal catalyst residues. Flow cytometry analysis showed that at 10 µM concentration, both free DOX and FA ...[more]

PMID: 34638688

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Project description:We recently demonstrated the far-red light-activatable prodrug of paclitaxel (PTX), Pc-(L-PTX)2. Upon illumination with a 690 nm laser, Pc-(L-PTX)2 showed combinational cell killing from rapid photodynamic therapy damage by singlet oxygen, followed by sustained chemotherapy effects from locally released PTX. However, its high lipophilicity (log D7.4 > 3.1) caused aggregation in aqueous solutions and has nonselectivity toward cancer cells. To solve these important problems, we prepared folic acid (FA)-conjugated and photoactivatable prodrugs of PTX with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer of various chain lengths: FA-PEG n -Pc-L-PTX [n = 0 (0k, 5), ∼23 (1k, 7a), ∼45 (2k, 7b), ∼80 (3.5k, 7c), or ∼114 (5k, 7d)]. The PEGylated prodrugs 7a-d had a much improved hydrophilicity compared with the non-PEGylated prodrug, Pc-(L-PTX)2. As the PEG length increased, the hydrophilicity of the prodrug increased (log D7.4 values: 1.28, 0.09, -0.24, and -0.59 for 1k, 2k, 3.5k, and 5k PEG prodrugs, respectively). Fluorescence spectral data suggested that the PEGylated prodrugs had good solubility in the culture medium at lower concentrations (<1-2 μM), but showed fluorescence quenching due to limited solubility at higher concentrations (>2 μM). Dynamic light scattering indicated that all of the prodrugs formed nanosized particles in both phosphate-buffered saline and culture medium at a concentration of 5 μM. The PEG length affected both nonspecific and folate receptor (FR)-mediated uptake of the prodrugs. The enhanced cellular uptake was observed for the prodrugs with medium-sized PEGs (1k, 2k, or 3.5k) in FR-positive SKOV-3 cells, but not for the prodrugs with no PEG or with the longest PEG (5k), which suggests the optimal range of PEG length around 1k-3.5k for effective uptake of our prodrug system. Consistent with the cellular uptake pattern, medium-sized PEGylated prodrugs showed more potent phototoxic activity (IC50s, ∼130 nM) than prodrugs with no PEG or the longest PEG (IC50, ∼400 nM). In conclusion, we have developed far-red light-activatable prodrugs with improved water solubility and FR-targeting properties compared with the nontargeted prodrug.

Dataset Information

Folate-Targeted Monodisperse PEG-Based Conjugates Made by Chemo-Enzymatic Methods for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Publications

Folate-Targeted Monodisperse PEG-Based Conjugates Made by Chemo-Enzymatic Methods for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

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