Dataset Information

The impact of paternal alcohol, tobacco, caffeine use and physical activity on offspring mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

There is some evidence that paternal health behaviours during and around pregnancy could be associated with offspring health outcomes. However, the impact that paternal health behaviours during pregnancy can have on offspring mental health is understudied and remains unclear.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles in PubMed describing studies of potentially modifiable paternal health behaviours (tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption and physical activity) in the prenatal period in relation to offspring mental health. GRADE was used to measure risk of bias.

Results

Eight studies were included and categorized by paternal health behaviour and offspring mental health outcome investigated. The narrative synthesis provided evidence of association between paternal health behaviours around pregnancy and offspring mental health problems, with the strongest evidence shown for tobacco use. Grouped by analysis type, two separate meta-analyses showed evidence of paternal smoking during pregnancy being associated with greater odds of ADHD in offspring (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.02-1.99; HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.19-1.39).

Conclusions

The small number of studies that have investigated paternal prenatal effects on offspring mental health, and the limited sample sizes of those studies, makes it challenging to draw firm conclusions. Although existing studies suggest that paternal tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption in the prenatal period are associated with poorer offspring mental health, (particularly hyperactivity/ADHD), further investigation of potential paternal effects is required, using methods that allow stronger inference to determine whether associations are causal.

SUBMITTER: Easey KE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8549222 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

The impact of paternal alcohol, tobacco, caffeine use and physical activity on offspring mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Easey Kayleigh E KE Sharp Gemma C GC

Reproductive health 20211026 1

<h4>Background</h4>There is some evidence that paternal health behaviours during and around pregnancy could be associated with offspring health outcomes. However, the impact that paternal health behaviours during pregnancy can have on offspring mental health is understudied and remains unclear.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles in PubMed describing studies of potentially modifiable paternal health behaviours (tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, caffe ...[more]

PMID: 34702308

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The use of excessive caffeine and consumption of alcohol, cigarette, and khat during pregnancy can result in adverse health effects on the fetus. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily caffeine intake not exceeding 300 mg. Likewise, pregnant women are recommended to avoid alcohol, khat and tobacco use. However, the prevalence's of the use of substances among pregnant women were not well studied in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Therefore, the study aimed to estimate the prevalence of caffeine and alcohol consumption, khat chewing, and tobacco use during pregnancy and identify key factors associated with excess caffeine consumption. METHODS:We conducted a community based cross-sectional study and used a random sampling technique to recruit 352 pregnant women. We adapted a questionnaire from Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire-Revised (CCQ-R), Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), and Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey 2016 for caffeine, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, and khat chewing assessment, respectively. We conducted non-consecutive two days 24-hour recall to determine the habitual intake of caffeine from caffeinated beverages and foods. Prevalence with 95% confidence interval was estimated for excess caffeine intake per day, alcohol consumption, khat chewing, and passive tobacco smoking. We ran a multivariable binary logistic regression model to identify factors associated with excess caffeine intake. RESULTS:Almost all pregnant women (98.2%) consumed caffeine as estimated using the 2 days 24-hour average. The median daily caffeine intake was 170.5 mg and ranged from 0.00 mg to 549.8 mg per day. In addition, 17.6% (95% CI: 13.9%, 22.0%) of them had a daily caffeine consumption of 300 mg and above exceeding the WHO recommended daily caffeine intake during pregnancy. The prevalence of alcohol consumption and Khat chewing were 10.0% (95% CI: 7.2%, 13.7%) and 35.8% (95% CI: 30.8, 41.0%) respectively. None of the pregnant women were active tobacco smokers. However, 23.2% (95% CI: 19.0, 28.0%) were passive tobacco smokers. We found that pregnant women in the richest wealth quintile (AOR = 3.66; 95% CI: 1.13, 11.88), and the first trimester of pregnancy (AOR = 4.04; 95% CI: 1.26, 13.05) had higher odds of consuming excessive caffeine. CONCLUSIONS:The study showed a considerable magnitude of substance use among pregnant women in the study area. Given this findings, we recommend, programs and services focusing on pregnant women to consider addressing substance use.

Project description:Background and aimsSeveral studies have indicated an association between maternal prenatal substance use and offspring externalizing disorders; however, it is uncertain whether this relationship is causal. We conducted a systematic review to determine: (1) if the literature supports a causal role of maternal prenatal substance use on offspring externalizing disorders diagnosis and (2) whether these associations differ across externalizing disorders.MethodsWe searched Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO and Medline databases. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and where possible meta-analysis was conducted for studies classed as low risk of bias. We included studies of any design that examined prenatal smoking, alcohol or caffeine use. Studies in non-English language, fetal alcohol syndrome and comorbid autism spectrum disorders were excluded. Participants in the included studies were mothers and their offspring. Measurements included prenatal smoking, alcohol or caffeine use as an exposure, and diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in offspring as an outcome.ResultsWe included 63 studies, 46 of which investigated smoking and ADHD. All studies were narratively synthesized, and seven studies on smoking and ADHD were meta-analysed. The largest meta-analysis based on genetically sensitive design included 1 011 546 participants and did not find evidence for an association [odds ratio (OR)1-9 cigarettes = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.83-1.11; OR > 10 cigarettes = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.79-1.36). Studies on alcohol exposure in all the outcomes reported inconsistent findings and no strong conclusions on causality can be made. Studies on caffeine exposure were mainly limited to ADHD and these studies do not support a causal effect.ConclusionsThere appears to be no clear evidence to support a causal relationship between maternal prenatal smoking and offspring attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Findings with alcohol and caffeine exposures and conduct disorder and oppositional-defiant disorder need more research, using more genetically sensitive designs.

Project description:Rationale: Little is known about effects of paternal tobacco smoke (PTS) on the offspring's asthma and its prenatal epigenetic programming. Objective: To investigate whether PTS exposure was associated with the offspring's asthma and correlated to epigenetic CG methylation of potential tobacco-related immune genes: LMO2, GSTM1 or/and IL-10 genes. Measurements and Main Results: In a birth cohort of 1,629 newborns, we measured exposure rates of PTS (23%) and maternal tobacco smoke (MTS, 0.2%), cord blood DNA methylation, infant respiratory tract infection, childhood DNA methylation, and childhood allergic diseases. Infants with prenatal PTS exposure had a significantly higher risk of asthma by the age of 6 than those without (p = 0.026). The PTS exposure doses at 0, <20, and ≧20 cigarettes per day were significantly associated with the trend of childhood asthma and the increase of LMO2-E148 (p = 0.006), and IL10_P325 (p = 0.008) CG methylation. The combination of higher CG methylation levels of LMO2_E148, IL10_P325, and GSTM1_P266 corresponded to the highest risk of asthma by 43.48%, compared to other combinations (16.67-23.08%) in the 3-way multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis. The LMO2_P794 and GSTM1_P266 CG methylation levels at age 0 were significantly correlated to those at age of 6. Conclusions: Prenatal PTS exposure increases CG methylation contents of immune genes, such as LMO2 and IL-10, which significantly retained from newborn stage to 6 years of age and correlated to development of childhood asthma. Modulation of the LMO2 and IL-10 CG methylation and/or their gene expression may provide a regimen for early prevention of PTS-associated childhood asthma. Descriptor number: 1.10 Asthma Mediators. Scientific Knowledge on the Subject: It has been better known that maternal tobacco smoke (MTS) has an impact on the offspring's asthma via epigenetic modification. Little is known about effects of paternal tobacco smoke (PTS) on the offspring's asthma and its prenatal epigenetic programming. What This Study Adds to the Field: Prenatal tobacco smoke (PTS) can program epigenetic modifications in certain genes, such as LMO2 and IL-10, and that these modifications are correlated to childhood asthma development. The higher the PTS exposure dose the higher the CG methylation levels are found. The combination of higher CG methylation levels of LMO2_E148, IL10_P325 and GSTM1_P266 corresponded to the highest risk of asthma. Measuring the DNA methylation levels of certain genes might help to predict high-risk populations for childhood asthma and provide a potential target to prevent the development of childhood asthma.

Project description:Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have associated thousands of loci with quantitative human blood trait variation. Loci and related genes that impact blood trait variation may regulate blood cell-intrinsic biological processes, or alternatively impact blood cell development and function via systemic factors. Clinical observations have linked tobacco or alcohol use with altered blood traits, but these trait relationships have not been systematically explored at the genetic level. Applying a Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to GWAS summary statistics, we explore relationships between smoking and drinking behaviors with 15 quantitative blood traits. We find that the effects of smoking and drinking are confined to red blood cell traits. An instrumental variable (IV) comprised of 113 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with smoking initiation is associated with decreased hemoglobin (HGB: Effect = -0.07 standard deviation units [95% confidence interval = -0.03 to -0.10 SD units], P = 1x10-4), hematocrit (HCT: Effect = -0.06 [-0.03 - -0.09] SD units, P = 4x10-4), and red blood cell count (RBC: Effect = -0.05 [-0.02 - -0.09] SD units, P = 5x10-3) without impacting platelet count (P = 0.9) or white blood cell count (P = 0.6). Similarly, an IV associated with an increased number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week is associated with decreased HGB (Effect = -0.22 [-0.42 - -0.02] SD units, P = 3x10-2) and RBC (Effect = -0.27 [-0.51 - -0.03] SD units, P = 3x10-2). Using multivariable MR and causal mediation analyses, we find that an increased genetic predisposition to smoking initiation is associated with increased alcohol intake, and that alcohol use mediates the genetic effect of smoking initiation on red blood cell traits. These findings demonstrate a novel role for genetically influenced behaviors on human blood traits, revealing opportunities to dissect related pathways and mechanisms that influence hematopoiesis and blood cell biology.

Dataset Information

The impact of paternal alcohol, tobacco, caffeine use and physical activity on offspring mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

The impact of paternal alcohol, tobacco, caffeine use and physical activity on offspring mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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