Dataset Information

Differential associations of the built environment on weight gain by sex and race/ethnicity but not age.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To explore the built environment (BE) and weight change relationship by age, sex, and racial/ethnic subgroups in adults.

Methods

Weight trajectories were estimated using electronic health records for 115,260 insured Kaiser Permanente Washington members age 18-64 years. Member home addresses were geocoded using ArcGIS. Population, residential, and road intersection densities and counts of area supermarkets and fast food restaurants were measured with SmartMaps (800 and 5000-meter buffers) and categorized into tertiles. Linear mixed-effect models tested whether associations between BE features and weight gain at 1, 3, and 5 years differed by age, sex, and race/ethnicity, adjusting for demographics, baseline weight, and residential property values.

Results

Denser urban form and greater availability of supermarkets and fast food restaurants were associated with differential weight change across sex and race/ethnicity. At 5 years, the mean difference in weight change comparing the 3rd versus 1st tertile of residential density was significantly different between males (-0.49 kg, 95% CI: -0.68, -0.30) and females (-0.17 kg, 95% CI: -0.33, -0.01) (P-value for interaction = 0.011). Across race/ethnicity, the mean difference in weight change at 5 years for residential density was significantly different among non-Hispanic (NH) Whites (-0.47 kg, 95% CI: -0.61, -0.32), NH Blacks (-0.86 kg, 95% CI: -1.37, -0.36), Hispanics (0.10 kg, 95% CI: -0.46, 0.65), and NH Asians (0.44 kg, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.78) (P-value for interaction <0.001). These findings were consistent for other BE measures.

Conclusion

The relationship between the built environment and weight change differs across demographic groups. Careful consideration of demographic differences in associations of BE and weight trajectories is warranted for investigating etiological mechanisms and guiding intervention development.

SUBMITTER: Buszkiewicz JH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8608695 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Differential associations of the built environment on weight gain by sex and race/ethnicity but not age.

Buszkiewicz James H JH Bobb Jennifer F JF Kapos Flavia F Hurvitz Philip M PM Arterburn David D Moudon Anne Vernez AV Cook Andrea A Mooney Stephen J SJ Cruz Maricela M Gupta Shilpi S Lozano Paula P Rosenberg Dori E DE Theis Mary Kay MK Anau Jane J Drewnowski Adam A

International journal of obesity (2005) 20210827 12

<h4>Objective</h4>To explore the built environment (BE) and weight change relationship by age, sex, and racial/ethnic subgroups in adults.<h4>Methods</h4>Weight trajectories were estimated using electronic health records for 115,260 insured Kaiser Permanente Washington members age 18-64 years. Member home addresses were geocoded using ArcGIS. Population, residential, and road intersection densities and counts of area supermarkets and fast food restaurants were measured with SmartMaps (800 and 50 ...[more]

PMID: 34453098

Similar Datasets

Project description:ObjectiveTo determine whether selected features of the built environment can predict weight gain in a large longitudinal cohort of adults.MethodsWeight trajectories over a 5-year period were obtained from electronic health records for 115,260 insured patients aged 18-64 years in the Kaiser Permanente Washington health care system. Home addresses were geocoded using ArcGIS. Built environment variables were population, residential unit, and road intersection densities captured using Euclidean-based SmartMaps at 800-m buffers. Counts of area supermarkets and fast food restaurants were obtained using network-based SmartMaps at 1600, and 5000-m buffers. Property values were a measure of socioeconomic status. Linear mixed effects models tested whether built environment variables at baseline were associated with long-term weight gain, adjusting for sex, age, race/ethnicity, Medicaid insurance, body weight, and residential property values.ResultsBuilt environment variables at baseline were associated with differences in baseline obesity prevalence and body mass index but had limited impact on weight trajectories. Mean weight gain for the full cohort was 0.06 kg at 1 year (95% CI: 0.03, 0.10); 0.64 kg at 3 years (95% CI: 0.59, 0.68), and 0.95 kg at 5 years (95% CI: 0.90, 1.00). In adjusted regression models, the top tertile of density metrics and frequency counts were associated with lower weight gain at 5-years follow-up compared to the bottom tertiles, though the mean differences in weight change for each follow-up year (1, 3, and 5) did not exceed 0.5 kg.ConclusionsBuilt environment variables that were associated with higher obesity prevalence at baseline had limited independent obesogenic power with respect to weight gain over time. Residential unit density had the strongest negative association with weight gain. Future work on the influence of built environment variables on health should also examine social context, including residential segregation and residential mobility.

Dataset Information

Differential associations of the built environment on weight gain by sex and race/ethnicity but not age.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Differential associations of the built environment on weight gain by sex and race/ethnicity but not age.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets