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Astaxantin and Isoflavones Inhibit Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Normalizing Ca/Mg Balance.

ABSTRACT: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common pathology among aging men. Despite the broad pharmacological interventions, the available remedies to treat BPH are yet not devoid of side effects. Herbal compounds are suggested to be an alternative option for the BPH treatment. In our study, we evaluated the effect of kudzu isoflavones and astaxanthin on the BPH animal model. The animals were randomly divided into five groups: control; testosterone-induced BPH group; and three BPH-induced groups, which received intragastrically for 28 days finasteride (5 mg/kg) as a positive control, isoflavones (200 mg/kg), and astaxanthin (25 mg/kg). BPH was induced by castration of animals and subsequent subcutaneous injections of prolonged testosterone (25 mg/kg). Prostate index and histology, biochemical parameters, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. A significant decrease in prostate weight, immunohistochemical markers, and normalization of prostate Ca/Mg ratio was found in all treatment groups. Astaxanthin treatment also resulted in decreased epithelial proliferation and normalized superoxide dismutase activity. In conclusion, both isoflavones and astaxanthin inhibited BPH development at a level comparable to finasteride in terms of prostate weight, prostatic epithelium proliferation, and prostate tissue cumulative histology score. These results suggest that isoflavones and especially astaxanthin could serve as a potential alternative therapy to treat BHP.

SUBMITTER: Semenov AL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8704012 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Astaxantin and Isoflavones Inhibit Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Normalizing Ca/Mg Balance.

Semenov Alexander L AL Gubareva Ekaterina A EA Ermakova Elena D ED Dorofeeva Anastasia A AA Tumanyan Irina A IA Radetskaya Ekaterina A EA Yurova Maria N MN Aboushanab Saied A SA Kanwugu Osman N ON Fedoros Elena I EI Panchenko Andrey V AV

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 20211212 12

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common pathology among aging men. Despite the broad pharmacological interventions, the available remedies to treat BPH are yet not devoid of side effects. Herbal compounds are suggested to be an alternative option for the BPH treatment. In our study, we evaluated the effect of kudzu isoflavones and astaxanthin on the BPH animal model. The animals were randomly divided into five groups: control; testosterone-induced BPH group; and three BPH-induced groups, ...[more]

PMID: 34961206

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Project description:BackgroundMale lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) occur in more than half of men above 50 years of age. LUTS were traditionally attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and therefore the clinical terminology often uses LUTS and BPH interchangeably. More recently, LUTS were also linked to fibrogenic and inflammatory processes. We tested whether osteopontin (OPN), a proinflammatory and profibrotic molecule, is increased in symptomatic BPH. We also tested whether prostate epithelial and stromal cells secrete OPN in response to proinflammatory stimuli and identified downstream targets of OPN in prostate stromal cells.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was performed on prostate sections obtained from the transition zone of patients who underwent surgery (Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate) to relieve LUTS (surgical BPH, S-BPH) or patients who underwent radical prostatectomy to remove low-grade prostate cancer (incidental BPH, I-BPH). Images of stained tissue sections were captured with a Nuance Multispectral Imaging System and histoscore, as a measure of OPN staining intensity, was determined with inForm software. OPN protein abundance was determined by Western blot analysis. The ability of prostate cells to secrete osteopontin in response to IL-1β and TGF-β1 was determined in stromal (BHPrS-1) and epithelial (NHPrE-1 and BHPrE-1) cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure gene expression changes in these cells in response to OPN.ResultsOPN immunostaining and protein levels were more abundant in S-BPH than I-BPH. Staining was distributed across all cell types with the highest levels in epithelial cells. Multiple OPN protein variants were identified in immortalized prostate stromal and epithelial cells. TGF-β1 stimulated OPN secretion by NHPrE-1 cells and both IL-1β and TGF-β1 stimulated OPN secretion by BHPrS-1 cells. Interestingly, recombinant OPN increased the mRNA expression of CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, PTGS2, and IL6 in BHPrS-1, but not in epithelial cell lines.ConclusionsOPN is more abundant in prostates of men with S-BPH compared to men with I-BPH. OPN secretion is stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines, and OPN acts directly on stromal cells to drive the synthesis of proinflammatory mRNAs. Pharmacological manipulation of prostatic OPN may have the potential to reduce LUTS by inhibiting both inflammatory and fibrotic pathways.

Project description:BackgroundThe volume and thickness of intravesical prostatic protrusion and other characteristics of benign prostatic hyperplasia have not been investigated. We determine the effects of age and prostate volume on anatomical features of benign prostatic hyperplasia using three-dimensional measurement in this study.MethodsThis retrospective study included a total of 98 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Three-dimensional models of prostate, central gland, peripheral zone, intravesical prostatic protrusion, prostatic urethra and bladder were reconstructed according to pelvic T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of these patients. The models were used to measure the intravesical prostatic protrusion volume, intravesical prostatic protrusion thickness, intravesical prostatic protrusion index, intravesical prostatic protrusion, prostate volume, peripheral zone volume, peripheral zone thickness, peripheral zone index, prostatic urethra thickness, the angle and distance of distal prostatic urethra with regard to coronal plane and sagittal plane and so on.ResultsIntravesical prostatic protrusion volume, intravesical prostatic protrusion thickness and peripheral zone volume of prostate volume >80 mL group were significantly higher than these in prostate volume <80 mL group (P<0.001, 0.01, 0.01, respectively). These parameters significantly increased with age (P<0.001, 0.01, 0.05, respectively). Peripheral zone index was significantly lower of prostate volume >80 mL group than these in prostate volume <80 mL group (P<0.05). Peripheral zone index significantly decreased with age (P<0.01). Intravesical prostatic protrusion index had no significant difference in all age groups. Peripheral zone thickness and prostatic urethra thickness had no significant difference in all groups. The distance and angle of distal prostatic urethra prostatic urethra with regard to coronal plane were significantly higher than these with regard to sagittal plane (both P<0.001).ConclusionsThe rearward slope of the prostatic urethra is greater than the left or right offset during the process of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Three-dimensional measurement provides good supports for further clinical and scientific research.

Project description:BackgroundAs an alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) provides a bloodless, relatively painless relief of lower urinary tract symptoms for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Following a review of the evidence in 2006, the Ontario Health Technology Advisory Committee recommended that a study be conducted to evaluate PVP in Ontario.ObjectivesTo compare the clinical effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact of PVP compared to conventional TURP for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Ontario.MethodsA prospective, nonrandomized trial was conducted in 3 Ontario centres. Consenting subjects were assessed at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months following surgery. Outcome measures included International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual (PVR) volume, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using the EuroQol 5 Domain questionnaire, and the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) score. Adverse events, resource utilization, and productivity losses were also assessed. Cost-effectiveness and budget impact analyses were completed using data from the study.ResultsBetween February 2008 and August 2010, 164 subjects were enrolled in the study (n = 140 for PVP and n = 24 for TURP). Treatment outcomes were similar between the 2 groups at 6 months, with the IPSS decreasing similarly over time (P = 0.718). For other treatment outcomes (Qmax, PSA, HRQOL, SHIM) both treatments provided similar benefit over time; only changes in PVR volume favoured PVP (P = 0.018). The majority of PVP patients were managed on an outpatient basis, with only 7.1% requiring admission (all TURP subjects were inpatients). At 6 months, PVP was less costly than TURP ($3,891 versus $4,863; P = 0.001), with similar quality-adjusted life-years (0.448 versus 0.441; P = 0.658). PVP remained the most cost-effective treatment across all decision-making thresholds, with the technology costing less and providing similar clinical outcomes. Extrapolating the results to a provincial level indicated (based on an estimated case volume of 12,335 TURPs) that there is an opportunity to reallocate just over $14 million (Cdn), primarily related to the reduced need for hospital admission.LimitationsThis study was nonrandomized, and the results should be interpreted with some caution, despite generally similar baseline characteristics between the 2 groups. Recruiting individuals to the TURP arm was a challenge, resulting in a size imbalance between treatment arms.ConclusionsBased on this analysis, PVP appears to be a cost-effective alternative to TURP, providing similar clinical benefit at a lower cost to the health system.

Dataset Information

Astaxantin and Isoflavones Inhibit Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Normalizing Ca/Mg Balance.

Publications

Astaxantin and Isoflavones Inhibit Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Normalizing Ca/Mg Balance.

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