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Performance evaluation of ozonation for removal of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and genes from hospital wastewater.

ABSTRACT: The performance of ozonation for the removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) using Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying ARGs from hospital wastewaters was evaluated in this study. Bacterial inactivation was determined using plate count methods and real time PCR for ARG damage (Sul1, bla_tem, bla_ctx, bla_vim and qnrS). The reduction rate of bacterial cells and ARGs was increased by different amounts of transferred ozone dose from 11 to 45 mg/L. The concentration of 10⁸ cfu/ml bacteria was reduced to an acceptable level by ozone treatment after a 5 min contact time, Although the removal rate was much higher for concentrations of 10⁶ cfu/ml and 10⁴ cfu/ml bacteria. Overall, the tendency of gene reduction by ozonation from more to less was 16S rRNA > sul1 > bla_tem > bla_ctx > qnrS > bla_vim. Given that plasmid-borne ARGs can potentially be transferred to other bacteria even after the disinfection process, our results can provide important insights into the fate of ARGs during hospital wastewater ozonation.

SUBMITTER: Baghal Asghari F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8720092 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Performance evaluation of ozonation for removal of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and genes from hospital wastewater.

Baghal Asghari Farzaneh F Dehghani Mohammad Hadi MH Dehghanzadeh Reza R Farajzadeh Davoud D Shanehbandi Dariush D Mahvi Amir Hossein AH Yaghmaeian Kamyar K Rajabi Akbar A

Scientific reports 20211231 1

The performance of ozonation for the removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) using Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying ARGs from hospital wastewaters was evaluated in this study. Bacterial inactivation was determined using plate count methods and real time PCR for ARG damage (Sul1, blatem, blactx, blavim and qnrS). The reduction rate of bacterial cells and ARGs was increased by different amounts of tr ...[more]

PMID: 34972828

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Project description:BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous environmental microorganism and also a common cause of infection. Its ability to survive in many different environments and persistently colonize humans is linked to its presence in biofilms formed on indwelling device surfaces. Biofilm promotes adhesion to, and survival on surfaces, protects from desiccation and the actions of antibiotics and disinfectants.ResultsWe examined the genetic basis for biofilm production on polystyrene at room (22 °C) and body temperature (37 °C) within 280 P. aeruginosa. 193 isolates (69 %) produced more biofilm at 22 °C than at 37 °C. Using GWAS and pan-GWAS, we found a number of accessory genes significantly associated with greater biofilm production at 22 °C. Many of these are present on a 165 kb region containing genes for heavy metal resistance (arsenic, copper, mercury and cadmium), transcriptional regulators and methytransferases. We also discovered multiple core genome SNPs in the A-type flagellin gene and Type II secretion system gene xpsD. Analysis of biofilm production of isolates of the MDR ST111 and ST235 lineages on stainless-steel revealed several accessory genes associated with enhanced biofilm production. These include a putative translocase with homology to a Helicobacter pylori type IV secretion system protein, a TA system II toxin gene and the alginate biosynthesis gene algA, several transcriptional regulators and methytransferases as well as core SNPs in genes involved in quorum sensing and protein translocation.ConclusionsUsing genetic association approaches we discovered a number of accessory genes and core-genome SNPs that were associated with enhanced early biofilm formation at 22 °C compared to 37 °C. These included a 165 kb genomic island containing multiple heavy metal resistance genes, transcriptional regulators and methyltransferases. We hypothesize that this genomic island may be associated with overall genotypes that are environmentally adapted to survive at lower temperatures. Further work to examine their importance in, for example gene-knockout studies, are required to confirm their relevance. GWAS and pan-GWAS approaches have great potential as a first step in examining the genetic basis of novel bacterial phenotypes.

Project description:IntroductionHospitals and wastewater are recognized hot spots for the selection and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the environment, but the total participation of hospitals in the spread of nosocomial pathogens to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and adjacent rivers had not previously been revealed.MethodsWe used a combination of culturing and whole-genome sequencing to explore the transmission routes of Escherichia coli from hospitalized patients suffering from urinary tract infections (UTI) via wastewater to the environment. Samples were collected in two periods in three locations (A, B, and C) and cultured on selective antibiotic-enhanced plates.ResultsIn total, 408 E. coli isolates were obtained from patients with UTI (n=81), raw hospital sewage (n=73), WWTPs inflow (n=96)/outflow (n=106), and river upstream (n=21)/downstream (n=31) of WWTPs. The majority of the isolates produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), mainly CTX-M-15, and showed multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles. Seven carbapenemase-producing isolates with GES-5 or OXA-244 were obtained in two locations from wastewater and river samples. Isolates were assigned to 74 different sequence types (ST), with the predominance of ST131 (n=80) found in all sources including rivers. Extraintestinal pathogenic lineages frequently found in hospital sewage (ST10, ST38, and ST69) were also found in river water. Despite generally high genetic diversity, phylogenetic analysis of ST10, ST295, and ST744 showed highly related isolates (SNP 0-18) from different sources, providing the evidence for the transmission of resistant strains through WWTPs to surface waters.DiscussionResults of this study suggest that 1) UTI share a minor participation in hospitals wastewaters; 2) a high diversity of STs and phylogenetic groups in municipal wastewaters derive from the urban influence rather than hospitals; and 3) pathogenic lineages and bacteria with emerging resistance genotypes associated with hospitals spread into surface waters. Our study highlights the contribution of hospital and municipal wastewater to the transmission of ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing E. coli with MDR profiles to the environment.

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Performance evaluation of ozonation for removal of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and genes from hospital wastewater.

Publications

Performance evaluation of ozonation for removal of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and genes from hospital wastewater.

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