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Role of the AB0 blood group in COVID-19 infection and complications: A population-based study.

ABSTRACT: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABO blood group has been described as a possible biological marker of susceptibility for the disease. This study evaluates the role of ABO group on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and related complications in a population-based cohort including 87,090 subjects from the Navarre population (Northern Spain) with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and with known ABO blood group, after one year of the pandemic (May 2020 - May 2021). The risk of infection, hospitalization, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and death was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for possible confounding variables. A lower risk of infection was observed in group 0 vs non-0 groups [OR 0.94 (95 %CI 0.90-0.99)], a higher risk of infection in group A vs non-A groups [OR 1.09 (95 %CI 1.04-1.15)] and a higher risk of infection in group A vs group 0 [OR 1.08 (95CI 1.03-1.14)] (when the 4 groups are analyzed separately). No association was observed between blood groups and hospitalization, ICU admission, or death in SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects. Regarding the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we observed a protective role of group O and a greater risk in the A group.

SUBMITTER: Enguita-German M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8762836 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Role of the AB0 blood group in COVID-19 infection and complications: A population-based study.

Enguita-Germán Mónica M Librero Julián J Leache Leire L Gutiérrez-Valencia Marta M Tamayo Ibai I Jericó Carlos C Gorricho Javier J García-Erce José Antonio JA

Transfusion and apheresis science : official journal of the World Apheresis Association : official journal of the European Society for Haemapheresis 20220117 3

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the ABO blood group has been described as a possible biological marker of susceptibility for the disease. This study evaluates the role of ABO group on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and related complications in a population-based cohort including 87,090 subjects from the Navarre population (Northern Spain) with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and with known ABO blood group, after one year of the pandemic (May 2020 - May 2021). The risk of infec ...[more]

PMID: 35148968

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Project description:ObjectiveIn this Italian population-based study, we aimed to evaluate the neurological complications after the first and/or second dose of COVID-19 vaccines and factors potentially associated with these adverse effects.MethodsOur study included adults aged 18 years and older who received two vaccine doses in the vaccination hub of Novegro (Milan, Lombardy) between 7 and 16 July 2021. The NEURO-COVAX questionnaire was able to capture the neurological events, onset and duration. That data that were digitized centrally by the Lombardy region were used to match the demographic/clinical characteristics and identify a vulnerability profile. Associations between vaccine lines and the development of complications were assessed. Digital healthcare system matching was also performed to evaluate severe neurological complications (Guillain-Barrè syndrome, Bell's palsy, transverse myelitis, encephalitis) and the incidence of hospital admissions and/or the mortality rate after two doses of the vaccines.ResultsThe NEURO-COVAX-cohort included 19.108 vaccinated people: 15.368 with BNT162b2, 2077 with mRNA-1273, 1651 with ChAdOx1nCov-19, and 12 with Ad26.COV2.S who were subsequently excluded. Approximately 31.2% of our sample developed post-vaccination neurological complications, particularly with ChAdOx1nCov-19. A vulnerable clinical profile emerged, where over 40% of the symptomatic people showed comorbidities in their clinical histories. Defining the neurological risk profile, we found an increased risk for ChAdOx1nCov-19 of tremors (vs. BNT162b2, OR: 5.12, 95% CI: 3.51-7.48); insomnia (vs. mRNA-1273, OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.02-3.39); muscle spasms (vs. BNT162b2, OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.08-2.46); and headaches (vs. BNT162b2, OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 0.96-1.57). For mRNA-1273, there were increased risks of parethesia (vs. ChAdOx1nCov-19, OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.48-3.79); vertigo (vs. ChAdOx1nCov-19, OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.20-2.35); diplopia (vs. ChAdOx1nCov-19, OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 0.67-3.57); and sleepiness (vs. ChAdOx1nCov-19, OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.98-1.67). In the period that ranged from March to August 2021, no one was hospitalized and/or died of severe complications related to COVID-19 vaccinations.DiscussionThis study estimates the prevalence and risk for neurological complications potentially associated with COVID-19 vaccines, thus improving the vaccination guidelines and loading in future personalized preventive medicine.

Dataset Information

Role of the AB0 blood group in COVID-19 infection and complications: A population-based study.

Publications

Role of the AB0 blood group in COVID-19 infection and complications: A population-based study.

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