Dynamic changes in β-cell [Ca²⁺] regulate NFAT activation, gene transcription, and islet gap junction communication.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Diabetes occurs because of insufficient insulin secretion due to β-cell dysfunction within the islet of Langerhans. Elevated glucose levels trigger β-cell membrane depolarization, action potential generation, and slow sustained free-Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]) oscillations, which trigger insulin release. Nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) is a transcription factor, which is regulated by the increases in [Ca²⁺] and calceineurin (CaN) activation. NFAT regulation links cell activity with gene transcription in many systems and regulates proliferation and insulin granule biogenesis within the β-cell. However, the link between the regulation of β-cell electrical activity and oscillatory [Ca²⁺] dynamics with NFAT activation and downstream tra

SUBMITTER: Miranda JG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8804269 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature