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COVID-19 related worry moderates the association between postpartum depression and mother-infant bonding.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to ask whether a substantial external stressor, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, affects the association between postpartum depression (PPD) and mother-infant bonding. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether worry regarding such an external threat differentially affected PPD and bonding by analyzing a longitudinal sample of postpartum women assessed before and during the pandemic. One-hundred forty women responded to online questionnaires at (T1) Pre-COVID-19: Six months postpartum (February 2018 to December 2019), and (T2) During COVID-19: Twenty-one months postpartum (April 2020 to January 2021). The strength of correlation between mother-infant bonding and PPD significantly declined from before (T1: R = 0.64, p < 0.00) to during the pandemic (T2: R = 0.44, p < 0.001; Difference = 0.20, p = 0.05). Furthermore, only PPD correlated with the worry due to the pandemic; thus the PPD-bonding association was weaker among women who were less concerned about the pandemic (F(3, 136) = 15.4, R² = 0.25). The study suggests that emotions and cognitions related to motherhood, such as mother-infant bonding, may be more resilient to external pressures such as a pandemic than affective states such as PPD. (174 words).

SUBMITTER: Handelzalts JE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8889491 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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COVID-19 related worry moderates the association between postpartum depression and mother-infant bonding.

Handelzalts Jonathan E JE Hairston Ilana S IS Levy Sigal S Orkaby Naomi N Krissi Haim H Peled Yoav Y

Journal of psychiatric research 20220302

The aim of this study was to ask whether a substantial external stressor, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, affects the association between postpartum depression (PPD) and mother-infant bonding. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether worry regarding such an external threat differentially affected PPD and bonding by analyzing a longitudinal sample of postpartum women assessed before and during the pandemic. One-hundred forty women responded to online questionnaires at (T1) Pre-COVID-19: Six mon ...[more]

PMID: 35259664

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Project description:IntroductionNegative effects of impaired postpartum mother-infant-bonding on mental health of mothers, their newborn children and subsequent child development are well documented. Previous research demonstrated an association between a negative birth experience and postpartum mental health affecting postpartum mother-infant bonding. This study investigates the extent to which prepartum depression and birth experience influence the postpartum mental health of mothers and their bonding toward their newborns, and whether these influences differ according to parity and self-reported prior mental health problems.MethodThree hundred and fifty-four women (18-43 years; M = 30.13, SD = 5.10) filled in the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS), Salmon's Item List (SIL) assessing the birth experience, and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) at pre- and postpartum; they were also asked about birth complications and parity status.ResultsPrimipara reported significantly more birth complications (p = 0.048), with path analysis confirming this result (p < 0.001). Birth complications were associated with a more negative rating of the overall birth experience (p < 0.001). Mothers with self-reported prior mental health problems had higher prepartum depression scores (p < 0.001) but did not differ in other variables from mothers without prior self-reported mental health problems. Differences in depression scores between mothers with self-reported prior mental health problems and those without vanished at postpartum assessment (p > 0.05). Path-analysis highlighted the key role of postpartum depression, which was the only significant predictor of postpartum impairment in maternal-child bonding (p < 0.001). Birth experience and prepartum depression scores exerted an indirect effect on postpartum maternal-child bonding, mediated by postpartum depression.DiscussionThe present study demonstrates the relevance of prepartum mental health of expectant mothers, especially of those who self-report prior mental health problems. The results support that reducing mental health problems of pregnant mothers might contribute to a more positive birth experience and potentially reduce postpartum depressive symptoms. As postpartum depression is associated with impaired parent-child bonding, such targeted interventions could promote child development. Group differences between primiparous and multiparous mothers suggest that the birth experience may be an influential factor for postpartum mental health.

Project description:Conflicting results of Chinese traditional postpartum practices have aroused concerns over their health effects. The role of postpartum practices in postpartum depression (PPD) is still a matter of discussion, especially from a dietary practice point of view. The current study was designed to (1) explore the association between postpartum practices and PPD, (2) to identify the dietary pattern related to PPD, and (3) to identify the possible pathways among postpartum practices and PPD. This study is part of the YI Study, which was a cross-sectional study conducted in 10 cities in China. Data for 955 postpartum women were used in the current analysis. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS-10) was used to evaluate PPD with a cutoff value of 9. Postpartum practice was based on the participants' self-reported practices. Individual practices were recorded and categorized as dietary and non-dietary practices. The dietary pattern was identified based on the food intake frequencies of 25 food groups using the method of reduced rank regression. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the potential pathways between postpartum practices and PPD. The current study observed significant associations between postpartum practices and PPD (Adjusted OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.04-1.90). A similar trend was also found between dietary postpartum practices and PPD (Adjusted OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.03-1.88) but not for non-dietary practices and PPD (Adjusted OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 0.92-1.75). A PPD-related dietary pattern was identified with the characteristics of a high intake of meat and eggs and a lower intake of vegetables, mushrooms, and nuts. This dietary pattern was significantly associated with a higher chance of adhering to postpartum practice (Adjusted OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.10-1.44). Based on the pathway analysis, this study also observed the association between postpartum practices and PPD, and the association between dietary practices and PPD were both mediated by sleep quality. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a substantial proportion of women in modern China experience traditional postpartum Chinese practices and that either overall or dietary-related postpartum practices are associated with a higher risk of PPD. The current dietary practices in postpartum rituals may play an important role in developing PPD. A culturally embedded, science-based dietary guideline is required to help women to achieve both physical and psychological health in the postpartum period.

Project description:BackgroundSeveral studies have shown that parental relationships between infants and their caregivers, and their mental health condition in childhood, influence children's development. The present study aimed to predict the effects of maternal mental health and mother-infant bonding at 10 months of age on Japanese children's behavioral development at 5 years. We analyzed factors including maternal mental health and mother-infant bonding to predict subtype classes as a prospective cohort study.MethodsData from Japan's Chiba Study of Mother and Child Health (C-MACH) were used. The Japanese versions of the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were administered to 275 consenting mothers and their children. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to classify the children's characteristics. We analyzed the relationship between sociodemographics, maternal mental states, and latent classes using ANOVA and multinomial logistic regression.ResultsThree latent classes were found: "asocial" (41.3 %), "well-adjusted" (20.3 %), and "highly difficult" (38.4 %). Children in the "asocial" class had a low probability for all behaviors (emotional, conduct, hyperactivity, peer problems, and prosocial behaviors). Children in the "highly difficult" class were more likely to exhibit conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems as well as fewer prosocial behaviors. In addition, there were more males in the "asocial" class than in the "well-adjusted" class (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.30, 95 % confidence interval (CI) [0.11; 0.83]), and they had higher MIBS 10-month scores (OR = 1.39, 95%CI [1.00; 1.94]).There were fewer females in the "highly difficult" than in the "well-adjusted" class (OR = 0.16, 95 % CI [0.06; 0.43]), and they had higher MIBS 10-month scores (OR = 1.65, 95%CI [1.21; 2.26]).ConclusionsThe results suggest that insufficient mother-infant bonding at 10 months may contribute to males' asocial behavior at five years. These findings can help parents better understand and manage these issues in their children for prevention and intervention.

Dataset Information

COVID-19 related worry moderates the association between postpartum depression and mother-infant bonding.

Publications

COVID-19 related worry moderates the association between postpartum depression and mother-infant bonding.

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