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Diabetes and COVID-19: a bitter nightmare.

ABSTRACT: Initial studies found a bidirectional interaction between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes. In this article we intend to review the association and consequences of COVID-19 in the future of diabetes in case of prevalence and treatment. There is substantial evidence that COVID-19 may result in the new-onset of hyperglycaemia. Therefore, it seems that COVID-19 will change the predictions for the prevalence of diabetes. Moreover, it raises numerous challenges for the clinical management of diabetes. In COVID-19 patients, new-onset hyperglycemia is associated with a poor prognosis. Diabetes mellitus and other comorbidities should be strictly controlled. But, with the emergence of COVID-19 disease, the future of diabetes mellitus in terms of prevalence and treatment will change and policymakers should consider developing new management strategies in this regard.

Supplementary information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-00994-5.

SUBMITTER: Hasanzad M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8900103 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diabetes and COVID-19: a bitter nightmare.

Hasanzad Mandana M Larijani Bagher B Aghaei Meybodi Hamid Reza HR

Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders 20220307 1

Initial studies found a bidirectional interaction between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes. In this article we intend to review the association and consequences of COVID-19 in the future of diabetes in case of prevalence and treatment. There is substantial evidence that COVID-19 may result in the new-onset of hyperglycaemia. Therefore, it seems that COVID-19 will change the predictions for the prevalence of diabetes. Moreover, it raises numerous challenges for the clinical manage ...[more]

PMID: 35284345

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Project description:In December 2019, WHO was informed with several unknown pneumonia cases and later it was found as highly contagious, transmittable and pathogenic viral infection. The novel coronavirus (nCoV-19) was firstly reported from Wuhan city in China. COVID-19 has raised the concern of the world since its emergence from China. The WHO has declared an ongoing COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. Till now 6,057,853 confirmed cases with 371,166 deaths have been reported from approximately 213 countries of the world. The aim of this study is to discuss all the aspects related to recently discovered novel coronavirus. The article, therefore, provides a comprehensive study on the genomic, epidemiological, social, clinical and environmental aspects of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 uses human ACE2 receptor as a ligand to bind and transmit its genome just like the SARS-CoV. The clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 are very non-specific and include fever, sore throat, wheezing, rales, headache and rhinorrhoea with round-glass pulmonary opacifications shadowing in X-ray. Many antiviral drugs show efficacy but only in mild to moderate infection levels. Though efforts on development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine have been started earlier as soon as the pandemic was emerged, till date no effective drug or vaccine has been validated with significant efficacy against the disease; therefore, there is a dire need to design effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple vaccine candidates are still in evaluation and exploratory stages on different clinical models with potential results on different animals and human models. mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1, Ad5-nCoV, INO-4800, LV-SMENP-DC and pathogen-specific aAPC are the most advanced and potential drug candidates against COVID-19. Recent studies have revealed any attractive vaccine candidates as promising therapeutic agents based on different strategies of vaccines. Here, the rationale of this review was also to provide an overview of the pathogenesis of the virus and summarize the updated potential vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2.

Project description:Objective/backgroundTo describe and characterize insomnia symptoms and nightmare profiles in Portugal during the first six weeks of a national lockdown due to COVID-19.Patients/methodsAn open cohort study was conducted to collect information of the general population during the first wave of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. We analyzed data from 5011 participants (≥16 years) who answered a weekly questionnaire about their well-being. Two questions about the frequency of insomnia and nightmares about COVID-19 were consecutively applied during six weeks (March-May 2020). Latent class analysis was conducted and different insomnia and nightmare profiles were identified. Associations between individual characteristics and both profiles were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsFive insomnia (No insomnia, Stable-mild, Decreasing-moderate, Stable-severe, Increasing-severe) and three nightmares profiles (Stable-mild, Stable-moderate, Stable-severe) were identified. Being female, younger, perceiving their income as insufficient and feelings of fear towards COVID-19 were associated with higher odds of insomnia (Women: OR = 6.98 95%CI: 4.18-11.64; ≥60 years: OR = 0.30 95%CI: 0.18-0.53; Insufficient income: adjusted OR (aOR) = 8.413 95%CI: 3.93-16.84; Often presenting fear of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection: aOR = 9.13 95%CI: 6.36-13.11), and nightmares (Women: OR = 2.60 95%CI: 1.74-3.86; ≥60 years: OR = 0.45 95%CI: 0.28-0.74; Insufficient income: aOR = 2.60 95%CI: 1.20-5.20; Often/almost always presenting fear of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection: aOR = 6.62 95%CI: 5.01-8.74). Having a diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection was associated with worse patterns of nightmares about the pandemic.ConclusionsSocial and psychological individual factors are important characteristics to consider in the development of therapeutic strategies to support people with sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Diabetes and COVID-19: a bitter nightmare.

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Diabetes and COVID-19: a bitter nightmare.

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