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Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers.

ABSTRACT: Multiple lines of genetic and archaeological evidence suggest that there were major demographic changes in the terminal Late Pleistocene epoch and early Holocene epoch of sub-Saharan Africa^1-4. Inferences about this period are challenging to make because demographic shifts in the past 5,000 years have obscured the structures of more ancient populations^3,5. Here we present genome-wide ancient DNA data for six individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years (doubling the time depth of sub-Saharan African ancient DNA), increase the data quality for 15 previously published ancient individuals and analyse these alongside data from 13 other published ancient individuals. The ancestry of the individuals in our study area can be modelled as a geographically structured mixture of three highly divergent source populations, probably reflecting Pleistocene interactions around 80-20 thousand years ago, including deeply diverged eastern and southern African lineages, plus a previously unappreciated ubiquitous distribution of ancestry that occurs in highest proportion today in central African rainforest hunter-gatherers. Once established, this structure remained highly stable, with limited long-range gene flow. These results provide a new line of genetic evidence in support of hypotheses that have emerged from archaeological analyses but remain contested, suggesting increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene epoch.

SUBMITTER: Lipson M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8907066 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers.

Lipson Mark M Sawchuk Elizabeth A EA Thompson Jessica C JC Oppenheimer Jonas J Tryon Christian A CA Ranhorn Kathryn L KL de Luna Kathryn M KM Sirak Kendra A KA Olalde Iñigo I Ambrose Stanley H SH Arthur John W JW Arthur Kathryn J W KJW Ayodo George G Bertacchi Alex A Cerezo-Román Jessica I JI Culleton Brendan J BJ Curtis Matthew C MC Davis Jacob J Gidna Agness O AO Hanson Annalys A Kaliba Potiphar P Katongo Maggie M Kwekason Amandus A Laird Myra F MF Lewis Jason J Mabulla Audax Z P AZP Mapemba Fredrick F Morris Alan A Mudenda George G Mwafulirwa Raphael R Mwangomba Daudi D Ndiema Emmanuel E Ogola Christine C Schilt Flora F Willoughby Pamela R PR Wright David K DK Zipkin Andrew A Pinhasi Ron R Kennett Douglas J DJ Manthi Fredrick Kyalo FK Rohland Nadin N Patterson Nick N Reich David D Prendergast Mary E ME

Nature 20220223 7900

Multiple lines of genetic and archaeological evidence suggest that there were major demographic changes in the terminal Late Pleistocene epoch and early Holocene epoch of sub-Saharan Africa<sup>1-4</sup>. Inferences about this period are challenging to make because demographic shifts in the past 5,000 years have obscured the structures of more ancient populations<sup>3,5</sup>. Here we present genome-wide ancient DNA data for six individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the pas ...[more]

PMID: 35197631

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Dataset Information

Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers.

Publications

Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers.

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