Dataset Information

Polygenic risk for traumatic loss-related PTSD in US military veterans: Protective effect of secure attachment style.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To examine whether attachment style moderates the relationship between polygenic risk scores (PRS) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) re-experiencing (PTSD_REX) symptoms and the severity of and positive screen for traumatic loss-related PTSD.

Methods

Data were analysed from 631 US veterans who endorsed 'unexpected death of a loved one' as their 'worst' traumatic event. Multivariable models evaluated the association between PRS for PTSD_REX, attachment style, and their interaction in predicting severity and positive screen for PTSD. A gene enrichment analysis was conducted to identify possible molecular mechanisms underlying the association between PTSD_REX PRS and PTSD.

Results

PTSD_REX PRS (β = 0.17; odds ratio [OR] = 1.85), attachment style (β= -0.33; OR = 0.14), and PTSD_REX PRS × attachment style interaction (β= -0.12; OR = 0.53) were significant predictors of the severity and positive screen for PTSD. The most significant gene set detected was the gene ontology (GO) cellular component podosome set (GO:0002102, p < 3.95 × 10^-5).

Conclusions

Having a secure attachment style may help mitigate polygenic risk for developing traumatic loss-related PTSD in US veterans. Podosomes, which are implicated in inflammatory and neuroplasticity processes, may contribute to the genetic liability to developing loss-related PTSD. Psychological treatments targeting attachment security may help mitigate increased polygenic risk for loss-related PTSD in this population.

SUBMITTER: Asch RH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8925016 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Polygenic risk for traumatic loss-related PTSD in US military veterans: Protective effect of secure attachment style.

Asch Ruth H RH Esterlis Irina I Wendt Frank R FR Kachadourian Lorig L Southwick Steven M SM Gelernter Joel J Polimanti Renato R Pietrzak Robert H RH

The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry 20210520 10

<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine whether attachment style moderates the relationship between polygenic risk scores (PRS) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) re-experiencing (PTSD<sub>REX</sub>) symptoms and the severity of and positive screen for traumatic loss-related PTSD.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were analysed from 631 US veterans who endorsed 'unexpected death of a loved one' as their 'worst' traumatic event. Multivariable models evaluated the association between PRS for PTSD<sub>REX,</sub> att ...[more]

PMID: 33821766

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Project description:ImportanceTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is common in both veteran and civilian populations. Prior studies have linked moderate and severe TBI with increased dementia risk, but the association between dementia and mild TBI, particularly mild TBI without loss of consciousness (LOC), remains unclear.ObjectiveTo examine the association between TBI severity, LOC, and dementia diagnosis in veterans.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study of all patients diagnosed with a TBI in the Veterans Health Administration health care system from October 1, 2001, to September 30, 2014, and a propensity-matched comparison group. Patients with dementia at baseline were excluded. Researchers identified TBIs through the Comprehensive TBI Evaluation database, which is restricted to Iraq and Afghanistan veterans, and the National Patient Care Database, which includes veterans of all eras. The severity of each TBI was based on the most severe injury recorded and classified as mild without LOC, mild with LOC, mild with LOC status unknown, or moderate or severe using Department of Defense or Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center criteria. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes were used to identify dementia diagnoses during follow-up and medical and psychiatric comorbidities in the 2 years prior to the index date.Main outcomes and measuresDementia diagnosis in veterans who had experienced TBI with or without LOC and control participants without TBI exposure.ResultsThe study included 178 779 patients diagnosed with a TBI in the Veterans Health Administration health care system and 178 779 patients in a propensity-matched comparison group. Veterans had a mean (SD) age of nearly 49.5 (18.2) years at baseline; 33 250 (9.3%) were women, and 259 136 (72.5%) were non-Hispanic white individuals. Differences between veterans with and without TBI were small. A total of 4698 veterans (2.6%) without TBI developed dementia compared with 10 835 (6.1%) of those with TBI. After adjustment for demographics and medical and psychiatric comobidities, adjusted hazard ratios for dementia were 2.36 (95% CI, 2.10-2.66) for mild TBI without LOC, 2.51 (95% CI, 2.29-2.76) for mild TBI with LOC, 3.19 (95% CI, 3.05-3.33) for mild TBI with LOC status unknown, and 3.77 (95% CI, 3.63-3.91) for moderate to severe TBI.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of more than 350 000 veterans, even mild TBI without LOC was associated with more than a 2-fold increase in the risk of dementia diagnosis. Studies of strategies to determine mechanisms, prevention, and treatment of TBI-related dementia in veterans are urgently needed.

Dataset Information

Polygenic risk for traumatic loss-related PTSD in US military veterans: Protective effect of secure attachment style.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Polygenic risk for traumatic loss-related PTSD in US military veterans: Protective effect of secure attachment style.

Similar Datasets

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