Dataset Information

Effect of Danofloxacin Treatment on the Development of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni in Calves.

ABSTRACT: Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne gastroenteritis. Recent studies have indicated a rise in fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQ-R) Campylobacter in cattle, where FQ is used to control bovine respiratory disease (BRD). To assess the effect of danofloxacin treatment on the development of FQ-resistance in C. jejuni, 30 commercial calves were divided into Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 (n = 10), and were all inoculated orally with FQ-susceptible (FQ-S) C. jejuni; seven days later, Group 3 was challenged with transtracheal Mannheimia haemolytica, and one week later, Group 2 and Group 3 were injected subcutaneously with danofloxacin. Rectal feces were collected to determine relative percentages of FQ-R Campylobacter via culture. Before oral inoculation with C. jejuni, 87% of calves were naturally colonized by FQ-R C. jejuni. Two days after the inoculation, FQ-R C. jejuni decreased substantially in the majority of calves. Within 24 h of danofloxacin injection, almost all C. jejuni populations shifted to an FQ-R phenotype in both FQ-treated groups, which was only transitory, as FQ-S strains became predominant during later periods. Genotyping indicated that the spike seen in FQ-R C. jejuni populations following the injection was due mainly to enrichment of preexisting FQ-R C. jejuni, rather than development of de novo FQ resistance in susceptible strains. These results provide important insights into the dynamic changes of FQ-resistant Campylobacter in cattle in response to FQ treatment.

SUBMITTER: Goulart DB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9025843 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of Danofloxacin Treatment on the Development of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni in Calves.

Goulart Debora Brito DB Beyi Ashenafi Feyisa AF Wu Zuowei Z Adiguzel Mehmet Cemal MC Schroeder Anastasia A Singh Kritika K Xu Changyun C Ocal Melda Meral MM Dewell Renee R Dewell Grant A GA Plummer Paul J PJ Zhang Qijing Q Sahin Orhan O

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 20220415 4

Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne gastroenteritis. Recent studies have indicated a rise in fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQ-R) Campylobacter in cattle, where FQ is used to control bovine respiratory disease (BRD). To assess the effect of danofloxacin treatment on the development of FQ-resistance in C. jejuni, 30 commercial calves were divided into Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 (n = 10), and were all inoculated orally with FQ-susceptible (FQ-S) C. jejuni</i ...[more]

PMID: 35453282

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Project description:Fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance in a major foodborne bacterial pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, derived from cattle has recently become prevalent and poses a significant public health concern. However, the underlying factors for this increase are not entirely clear. To evaluate the effect of enrofloxacin treatment on FQ-resistance development in C. jejuni, 35 commercial calves were equally divided into five groups (Groups 1-5) and were orally inoculated with FQ-susceptible (FQ-S) C. jejuni. Eight days later, Groups 4 and 5 were challenged with Mannheimia haemolytica via a transtracheal route to induce a respiratory disease; after 8 days, Groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were injected subcutaneously with enrofloxacin (7.5 mg/kg for Groups 2 and 4, and 12.5 mg/kg for Groups 3 and 5). Colonization levels by FQ-resistant (FQ-R) and FQ-S Campylobacter in rectal feces were determined via differential culture throughout the experiment. Before oral inoculation with C. jejuni, only five calves were naturally colonized by Campylobacter, four of which were also colonized by FQ-R C. jejuni (three in Group 1 and one in Group 3). Soon after the oral inoculation, almost all calves in the groups became stably colonized by FQ-S C. jejuni (~3-6 log10 CFU/g), except that the four calves that were pre-colonized before inoculation remained positive with both FQ-R and FQ-S C. jejuni. Following enrofloxacin administration, C. jejuni colonization declined sharply and rapidly in all treated groups to undetectable levels; however, the vast majority of the animals were recolonized by C. jejuni at comparable levels 72 h after the treatment. Notably, no FQ-R C. jejuni was detected in any of the calves that received enrofloxacin, regardless of the drug dose used or disease status of the animals. The lack of detection of FQ-R C. jejuni was likely due to the localized high concentration of the antibiotic in the intestine, which may have prevented the emergence of the FQ-R mutant. These findings indicate that single-dose enrofloxacin use in cattle poses a low risk for selection of de novo FQ-R mutants in C. jejuni.

Project description:In a structured survey of all major chicken-meat producers in Australia, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and genomic characteristics of Campylobacter jejuni (n = 108) and C. coli (n = 96) from cecal samples of chickens at slaughter (n = 200). The majority of the C. jejuni (63%) and C. coli (86.5%) samples were susceptible to all antimicrobials. Fluoroquinolone resistance was detected among both C. jejuni (14.8%) and C. coli (5.2%), although this only included three sequence types (STs) and one ST, respectively. Multidrug resistance among strains of C. jejuni (0.9%) and C. coli (4.1%) was rare, and fluoroquinolone resistance, when present, was never accompanied by resistance to any other agent. Comparative genome analysis demonstrated that Australian isolates were found dispersed on different branches/clusters within the international collection. The major fluoroquinolone-resistant STs of C. jejuni (ST7323, ST2083, and ST2343) and C. coli (ST860) present in Australian chickens were similar to those of international isolates and have been reported previously in humans and animals overseas. The detection of a subpopulation of Campylobacter isolates exclusively resistant to fluoroquinolone was unexpected since most critically important antimicrobials such as fluoroquinolones are excluded from use in Australian livestock. A number of factors, including the low level of resistance to other antimicrobials, the absence of fluoroquinolone use, the adoption of measures for preventing spread of contagion between flocks, and particularly the genomic identities of isolates, all point to humans, pest species, or wild birds as being the most plausible source of organisms. This study also demonstrates the need for vigilance in the form of surveillance for AMR based on robust sampling to manage AMR risks in the food chain.IMPORTANCECampylobacter is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis in humans, with infections frequently resulting from exposure to undercooked poultry products. Although human illness is typically self-limiting, a minority of cases do require antimicrobial therapy. Ensuring that Campylobacter originating from meat chickens does not acquire resistance to fluoroquinolones is therefore a valuable outcome for public health. Australia has never legalized the use of fluoroquinolones in commercial chickens and until now fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter has not been detected in the Australian poultry. This structured survey of meat chickens derived from all major Australian producers describes the unexpected emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli Genetic characterization suggests that these isolates may have evolved outside the Australian poultry sector and were introduced into poultry by humans, pest species, or wild birds. The findings dramatically underline the critical role of biosecurity in the overall fight against antimicrobial resistance.

Dataset Information

Effect of Danofloxacin Treatment on the Development of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni in Calves.

Publications

Effect of Danofloxacin Treatment on the Development of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> in Calves.

Similar Datasets

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