Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis.

ABSTRACT: Patients suffering from autoimmune hepatitis, a chronic immune-mediated liver disease with an incidence of 0.9 to 2 per 100,000 population per year in Europe, are considered to have a particularly increased risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19)-associated hospitalization and death.^1,2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination provides an essential tool to reduce morbidity and mortality in this cohort. However, a large multicenter study in China has shown a lower immunogenic response to inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccines of chronic liver disease patients in comparison with the healthy population.³ Furthermore, reports from inflammatory bowel diseases or rheumatic disorders showed a reduced serologic response in patients taking glucocorticoids or thiopurine.^4,5 The decrease in vaccine-induced antibodies over time, as well as the emergence of variants of concern, led to the recommendation of an additional vaccination in immunocompromised patients.

SUBMITTER: Schneider L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9040499 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Schneider Lisa L Schubert Lorenz L Winkler Florian F Munda Petra P Winkler Stefan S Tobudic Selma S

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 20220426 9

Patients suffering from autoimmune hepatitis, a chronic immune-mediated liver disease with an incidence of 0.9 to 2 per 100,000 population per year in Europe, are considered to have a particularly increased risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19)-associated hospitalization and death.<sup>1,2</sup> Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination provides an essential tool to reduce morbidity and mortality in this cohort. However, a large multicenter study in Chi ...[more]

PMID: 35487452

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Project description:Background & aimsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to have a devastating impact across the globe. However, little is known about the disease course in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).MethodsData for patients with AIH and SARS-CoV-2 infection were combined from 3 international reporting registries and outcomes were compared to those in patients with chronic liver disease of other aetiology (non-AIH CLD) and to patients without liver disease (non-CLD).ResultsBetween 25th March and 24th October 2020, data were collected for 932 patients with CLD and SARS-CoV-2 infection including 70 with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Fifty-eight (83%) patients with AIH were taking ≥1 immunosuppressive drug. There were no differences in rates of major outcomes between patients with AIH and non-AIH CLD, including hospitalization (76% vs. 85%; p = 0.06), intensive care unit admission (29% vs. 23%; p = 0.240), and death (23% vs. 20%; p = 0.643). Factors associated with death within the AIH cohort included age (odds ratio [OR] 2.16/10 years; 1.07-3.81), and Child-Pugh class B (OR 42.48; 4.40-409.53), and C (OR 69.30; 2.83-1694.50) cirrhosis, but not use of immunosuppression. Propensity score matched (PSM) analysis comparing patients with AIH with non-AIH CLD demonstrated no increased risk of adverse outcomes including death (+3.2%; -9.2%-15.7%). PSM analysis of patients with AIH vs. non-CLD (n = 769) demonstrated increased risk of hospitalization with AIH (+18.4%; 5.6-31.2%), but equivalent risk of all other outcomes including death (+3.2%; -9.1%-15.6%).ConclusionPatients with AIH were not at increased risk of adverse outcomes despite immunosuppressive treatment compared to other causes of CLD and to matched cases without liver disease.Lay summaryLittle is known about the outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a rare chronic inflammatory liver disease. This study combines data from 3 large registries to describe the course of COVID-19 in this patient group. We show that AIH patients do not appear to have an increased risk of death from COVID-19 compared to patients with other forms of liver disease and compared to patients without liver disease, despite the use of medications which suppress the immune system.

Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis.

Publications

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis.

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