Dataset Information

Sex-associated differences between BMI and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following the BNT162b2 vaccine.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

This study investigated the sex-associated difference in the impact of obesity on antibody response to a COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods

This study included 2,435 health care workers who received two doses of the BioNTech, Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccine and participated in a serological survey, during which they were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike immunoglobin G (IgG) antibodies and asked for information on height, weight, and vaccination history via a questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to estimate the geometric mean titers (GMT) of antibodies for each sex and BMI category.

Results

The relationship between BMI and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers markedly differed by sex (p value for interaction = 0.04). Spike IgG antibody titers tended to decrease with increasing BMI in men (p value for trend = 0.03); GMT (95% CI) were 6,093 (4,874-7,618) and 4,655 (3,795-5,708) for BMI < 18.5 and ≥30 kg/m² , respectively. In contrast, spike IgG antibody titers did not significantly differ across BMI categories in women (p value for for trend = 0.62); GMT (95% CI) were 6,171 (5,714-6,665) and 5,506 (4,404-6,883) for BMI <18.5 and ≥30, respectively.

Conclusions

Higher BMI was associated with lower titers of SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies in men, but not in women, suggesting the need for careful monitoring of vaccine efficacy in men with obesity, who are at high risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Yamamoto S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9088326 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Sex-associated differences between BMI and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following the BNT162b2 vaccine.

Yamamoto Shohei S Mizoue Tetsuya T Tanaka Akihito A Oshiro Yusuke Y Inamura Natsumi N Konishi Maki M Ozeki Mitsuru M Miyo Kengo K Sugiura Wataru W Sugiyama Haruhito H Ohmagari Norio N

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 20220412 5

<h4>Objective</h4>This study investigated the sex-associated difference in the impact of obesity on antibody response to a COVID-19 vaccine.<h4>Methods</h4>This study included 2,435 health care workers who received two doses of the BioNTech, Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccine and participated in a serological survey, during which they were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike immunoglobin G (IgG) antibodies and asked for information on height, weight, and vaccination history via a questionnaire. Multivariabl ...[more]

PMID: 35226399

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Project description:Studies examining antibody responses by vaccine brand are lacking and may be informative for optimizing vaccine selection, dosage, and regimens. The purpose of this study is to assess IgG antibody responses following immunization with BNT162b2 (30 μg mRNA) and mRNA-1273 (100 μg mRNA) vaccines. A cohort of clinicians at a nonprofit organization is being assessed clinically and serologically following immunization with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. IgG responses were measured at the Remington Laboratory by an IgG assay against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-receptor binding domain. Mixed-effect linear (MEL) regression modeling was used to examine whether the SARS-CoV-2 IgG level differed by vaccine brand, dosage, or number of days since vaccination. Among 532 SARS-CoV-2 seronegative participants, 530 (99.6%) seroconverted with either vaccine. After adjustments for age and gender, MEL regression modeling revealed that the average IgG antibody level increased after the second dose compared to the first dose (P < 0.001). Overall, titers peaked at week 6 for both vaccines. Titers were significantly higher for the mRNA-1273 vaccine on days 14 to 20 (P < 0.05), 42 to 48 (P < 0.01), 70 to 76 (P < 0.05), and 77 to 83 (P < 0.05) and higher for the BNT162b2 vaccine on days 28 to 34 (P < 0.001). In two participants taking immunosuppressive drugs, the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody response remained negative. mRNA-1273 elicited higher IgG antibody responses than BNT162b2, possibly due to the higher S-protein delivery. Prospective clinical and serological follow-up of defined cohorts such as this may prove useful in determining antibody protection and whether differences in antibody kinetics between the vaccines have manufacturing relevance and clinical significance. IMPORTANCE SARS-CoV-2 vaccines using the mRNA platform have become one of the most powerful tools to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. mRNA vaccines enable human cells to produce and present the virus spike protein to their immune system, leading to protection from severe illness. Two mRNA vaccines have been widely implemented, mRNA-1273 (Moderna) and BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech). We found that, following the second dose, spike protein antibodies were higher with mRNA-1273 than with BNT162b2. This is biologically plausible, since mRNA-1273 delivers a larger amount of mRNA (100 μg mRNA) than BNT162b2 (30 μg mRNA), which is translated into spike protein. This difference may need to be urgently translated into changes in the manufacturing process and dose regimens of these vaccines.

Dataset Information

Sex-associated differences between BMI and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following the BNT162b2 vaccine.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Sex-associated differences between BMI and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers following the BNT162b2 vaccine.

Similar Datasets

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