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Neutrophil Immunomodulatory Activity of Farnesene, a Component of Artemisia dracunculus Essential Oils.

ABSTRACT: Despite their reported therapeutic properties, not much is known about the immunomodulatory activity of essential oils present in Artemisia species. We isolated essential oils from the flowers and leaves of five Artemisia species: A. tridentata, A. ludoviciana, A. dracunculus, A. frigida, and A. cana. The chemical composition of the Artemisia essential oil samples had similarities and differences as compared to those previously reported in the literature. The main components of essential oils obtained from A. tridentata, A. ludoviciana, A. frigida, and A. cana were camphor (23.0-51.3%), 1,8-cineole (5.7-30.0%), camphene (1.6-7.7%), borneol (2.3-14.6%), artemisiole (1.2-7.5%), terpinen-4-ol (2.0-6.9%), α-pinene (0.8-3.9%), and santolinatriene (0.7-3.5%). Essential oils from A. dracunculus were enriched in methyl chavicol (38.8-42.9%), methyl eugenol (26.1-26.4%), terpinolene (5.5-8.8%), (E/Z)-β-ocimene (7.3-16.0%), β-phellandrene (1.3-2.2%), p-cymen-8-ol (0.9-2.3%), and xanthoxylin (1.2-2.2%). A comparison across species also demonstrated that some compounds were present in only one Artemisia species. Although Artemisia essential oils were weak activators of human neutrophils, they were relatively more potent in inhibiting subsequent neutrophil Ca²⁺ mobilization with N-formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) agonist fMLF- and FPR2 agonist WKYMVM, with the most potent being essential oils from A. dracunculus. Further analysis of unique compounds found in A. dracunculus showed that farnesene, a compound with a similar hydrocarbon structure as lipoxin A₄, inhibited Ca²⁺ influx induced in human neutrophils by fMLF (IC₅₀ = 1.2 μM), WKYMVM (IC₅₀ = 1.4 μM), or interleukin 8 (IC₅₀ = 2.6 μM). Pretreatment with A. dracunculus essential oils and farnesene also inhibited human neutrophil chemotaxis induced by fMLF, suggesting these treatments down-regulated human neutrophil responses to inflammatory chemoattractants. Thus, our studies have identified farnesene as a potential anti-inflammatory modulator of human neutrophils.

SUBMITTER: Schepetkin IA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9143003 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Neutrophil Immunomodulatory Activity of Farnesene, a Component of Artemisia dracunculus Essential Oils.

Schepetkin Igor A IA Özek Gulmira G Özek Temel T Kirpotina Liliya N LN Khlebnikov Andrei I AI Klein Robyn A RA Quinn Mark T MT

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 20220523 5

Despite their reported therapeutic properties, not much is known about the immunomodulatory activity of essential oils present in Artemisia species. We isolated essential oils from the flowers and leaves of five Artemisia species: A. tridentata, A. ludoviciana, A. dracunculus, A. frigida, and A. cana. The chemical composition of the Artemisia essential oil samples had similarities and differences as compared to those previously reported in ...[more]

PMID: 35631467

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Dataset Information

Neutrophil Immunomodulatory Activity of Farnesene, a Component of Artemisia dracunculus Essential Oils.

Publications

Neutrophil Immunomodulatory Activity of Farnesene, a Component of <i>Artemisia dracunculus</i> Essential Oils.

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