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Fluorescence spectrophotometry for COVID-19 determination in clinical swab samples.

ABSTRACT: Considering the limitations of the assays currently available for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its emerging variants, a simple and rapid method using fluorescence spectrophotometry was developed to detect coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Forty clinical swab samples were collected from the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cavities of COVID-19-positive and -negative. Each sample was divided into two parts. The first part of the samples was analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) as the control method to identify COVID-19-positive and -negative samples. The second part of the samples was analyzed using fluorescence spectrophotometry. Fluorescence measurements were performed at excitation and emission wavelengths ranging from 200 to 800 nm. Twenty COVID-19-positive samples and twenty COVID-19-negative samples were detected based on RT-qPCR results. The fluorescence spectrum data indicated that the COVID-19-positive and -negative samples had significantly different characteristics. All positive samples could be distinguished from negative samples by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Principal component analysis showed that COVID-19-positive samples were clustered separately from COVID-19-negative samples. The specificity and accuracy of this experiment reached 100%. Limit of detection (LOD) obtained 42.20 copies/ml (Ct value of 33.65 cycles) for E gene and 63.60 copies/ml (Ct value of 31.36 cycles) for ORF1ab gene. This identification process only required 4 min. Thus, this technique offers an efficient and accurate method to identify an individual with active SARS-CoV-2 infection and can be easily adapted for the early investigation of COVID-19, in general.

SUBMITTER: Madurani KA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9150911 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Fluorescence spectrophotometry for COVID-19 determination in clinical swab samples.

Madurani Kartika A KA Suprapto Yudha Syahputra Muhammad M Puspita Ika I Furqoni Abdul Hadi AH Puspasari Listya L Rosyidah Hafildatur H Hatta Agus Muhamad AM Juniastuti Lusida Maria Inge MI Tominaga Masato M Kurniawan Fredy F

Arabian journal of chemistry 20220530 8

Considering the limitations of the assays currently available for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its emerging variants, a simple and rapid method using fluorescence spectrophotometry was developed to detect coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Forty clinical swab samples were collected from the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cavities of COVID-19-positive and -negative. Each sample was divided into two parts. The first part of the samples was a ...[more]

PMID: 35664893

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Project description:ImportanceGenomic footprints of pathogens shed by infected individuals can be traced in environmental samples. Analysis of these samples can be employed for noninvasive surveillance of infectious diseases.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of environmental surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for predicting COVID-19 cases in a college dormitory.DesignUsing a prospective experimental design, air, surface swabs, and wastewater samples were collected from a college dormitory from March to May 2021. Students were randomly screened for COVID-19 during the study period. SARS-CoV-2 in environmental samples was concentrated with electronegative filtration and quantified using Volcano 2 nd Generation-qPCR. Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the associations between time-lagged SARS-CoV-2 in environmental samples and clinically diagnosed COVID-19 cases.SettingThis study was conducted in a residential dormitory at the University of Miami, Coral Gables campus, FL, USA. The dormitory housed about 500 students.ParticipantsStudents from the dormitory were randomly screened, for COVID-19 for 2-3 days / week while entering or exiting the dormitory.Main outcomeClinically diagnosed COVID-19 cases were of our main interest. We hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 detection in environmental samples was an indicator of the presence of local COVID-19 cases in the dormitory, and SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in the environmental samples several days prior to the clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 cases.ResultsSARS-CoV-2 genomic footprints were detected in air, surface swab and wastewater samples on 52 (63.4%), 40 (50.0%) and 57 (68.6%) days, respectively, during the study period. On 19 (24%) of 78 days SARS-CoV-2 was detected in all three sample types. Clinically diagnosed COVID-19 cases were reported on 11 days during the study period and SARS-CoV-2 was also detected two days before the case diagnosis on all 11 (100%), 9 (81.8%) and 8 (72.7%) days in air, surface swab and wastewater samples, respectively.ConclusionProactive environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 or other pathogens in a community/public setting has potential to guide targeted measures to contain and/or mitigate infectious disease outbreaks.Key pointsQuestion: How effective is environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in public places for early detection of COVID-19 cases in a community?Findings: All clinically confirmed COVID-19 cases were predicted with the aid of 2 day lagged SARS-CoV-2 in environmental samples in a college dormitory. However, the prediction efficiency varied by sample type: best prediction by air samples, followed by wastewater and surface swab samples. SARS-CoV-2 was also detected in these samples even on days without any reported cases of COVID-19, suggesting underreporting of COVID-19 cases.Meaning: SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in environmental samples several days prior to clinical reporting of COVID-19 cases. Thus, proactive environmental surveillance of microbiome in public places can serve as a mean for early detection of location-time specific outbreaks of infectious diseases. It can also be used for underreporting of infectious diseases.

Dataset Information

Fluorescence spectrophotometry for COVID-19 determination in clinical swab samples.

Publications

Fluorescence spectrophotometry for COVID-19 determination in clinical swab samples.

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