Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Reach Space Analysis of Baseline Differential Extrinsic Plasticity Control.

ABSTRACT: The neuroplasticity rule Differential Extrinsic Plasticity (DEP) has been studied in the context of goal-free simulated agents, producing realistic-looking, environmentally-aware behaviors, but no successful control mechanism has yet been implemented for intentional behavior. The goal of this paper is to determine if "short-circuited DEP," a simpler, open-loop variant can generate desired trajectories in a robot arm. DEP dynamics, both transient and limit cycles are poorly understood. Experiments were performed to elucidate these dynamics and test the ability of a robot to leverage these dynamics for target reaching and circular motions.

SUBMITTER: Birrell S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9198443 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Reach Space Analysis of Baseline Differential Extrinsic Plasticity Control.

Birrell Simon S Abdulali Arsen A Iida Fumiya F

Frontiers in neurorobotics 20220601

The neuroplasticity rule Differential Extrinsic Plasticity (DEP) has been studied in the context of goal-free simulated agents, producing realistic-looking, environmentally-aware behaviors, but no successful control mechanism has yet been implemented for intentional behavior. The goal of this paper is to determine if "short-circuited DEP," a simpler, open-loop variant can generate desired trajectories in a robot arm. DEP dynamics, both transient and limit cycles are poorly understood. Experiment ...[more]

PMID: 35721277

Similar Datasets

Multiplayer Reach-Avoid Differential Games in 3D Space Inspired by Harris' Hawks' Cooperative Hunting Tactics.

Project description:This paper investigates a multiplayer reach-avoid differential game in 3-dimensional (3D) space, which involves multiple pursuers, multiple evaders, and a designated target region. The evaders aim to reach the target region, while the pursuers attempt to guard the target region by capturing the evaders. This class of research holds significant practical value. However, the complexity of the problem escalates substantially with the growing number of players, rendering its solution extremely challenging. In this paper, the multiplayer game is divided into many subgames considering the cooperation among pursuers, reducing the computational burden, and obtaining numerically tractable strategies for players. First, the Apollonius sphere, a fundamental geometric tool for analyzing the 3D differential game, is formulated, and its properties are proved. Based on this, the optimal interception point for the pursuer to capture the evader is derived and the winning conditions for the pursuer and evader are established. Then, based on the Apollonius sphere, the optimal state feedback strategies of players are designed, and simultaneously, the optimal one-to-one pairings are obtained. Meanwhile, the Value function of the multiplayer reach-avoid differential game is explicitly given and is proved to satisfy Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) equation. Moreover, the matching algorithm for the case with pursuers outnumbered evaders is provided through constructing a weighted bipartite graph, and the cooperative tactics for multiple pursuers are proposed, inspired by the Harris' Hawks intelligent cooperative hunting tactics. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results for both cases where the number of adversary players is equal and unequal between the 2 groups.

| S-EPMC10768553 | biostudies-literature

Peri-hand space expands beyond reach in the context of walk-and-reach movements.

Project description:The brain incorporates sensory information across modalities to be able to interact with our environment. The peripersonal space (PPS), defined by a high level of crossmodal interaction, is centered on the relevant body part, e.g. the hand, but can spatially expand to encompass tools or reach targets during goal-directed behavior. Previous studies considered expansion of the PPS towards goals within immediate or tool-mediated reach, but not the translocation of the body as during walking. Here, we used the crossmodal congruency effect (CCE) to quantify the extension of the PPS and test if PPS can also expand further to include far located walk-and-reach targets accessible only by translocation of the body. We tested for orientation specificity of the hand-centered reference frame, asking if the CCE inverts with inversion of the hand orientation during reach. We show a high CCE with onset of the movement not only towards reach targets but also walk-and-reach targets. When participants must change hand orientation, the CCE decreases, if not vanishes, and does not simply invert. We conclude that the PPS can expand to the action space beyond immediate or tool-mediated reaching distance but is not purely hand-centered with respect to orientation.

| S-EPMC6395760 | biostudies-literature

Cerebellar Control of Reach Kinematics for Endpoint Precision.

Project description:The cerebellum is well appreciated to impart speed, smoothness, and precision to skilled movements such as reaching. How these functions are executed by the final output stage of the cerebellum, the cerebellar nuclei, remains unknown. Here, we identify a causal relationship between cerebellar output and mouse reach kinematics and show how that relationship is leveraged endogenously to enhance reach precision. Activity in the anterior interposed nucleus (IntA) was remarkably well aligned to reach endpoint, scaling with the magnitude of limb deceleration. Closed-loop optogenetic modulation of IntA activity, triggered on reach, supported a causal role for this activity in controlling reach velocity in real time. Relating endogenous neural variability to kinematic variability, we found that IntA endpoint activity is adaptively engaged relative to variations in initial reach velocity, supporting endpoint precision. Taken together, these results provide a framework for understanding the physiology and pathophysiology of the intermediate cerebellum during precise skilled movements.

| S-EPMC6790131 | biostudies-literature

DNA Damage Baseline Predicts Resilience to Space Radiation and Radiotherapy.

Project description:Deep space exploration will require real-time, minimally invasive monitoring of astronaut health to mitigate the potential health impairments caused by space radiation and microgravity. Genotoxic stress in humans can be monitored by quantifying the amount of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in immune cells from a simple finger prick. In a cohort of 674 healthy donors, we show that the endogenous level of DSBs increases with age and with latent cytomegalovirus infection. To map the range of human responses to space radiation, we then study DSB induction and repair in immune cells from 319 healthy donors after the cells are exposed to galactic cosmic ray components and lymphocytes from 30 cancer patients after radiotherapy. Individuals with low baseline DSB have fewer clinical complications, enhanced DNA damage repair responses, and a functional dose-dependent cytokine response in healthy donor cells. This supports the use of DSB monitoring for health resilience in space.

| S-EPMC7784531 | biostudies-literature

Your space or mine: Trait anxiety affects the peripersonal space plasticity in a social context.

Project description:Peripersonal space (PPS) is a plastic sector of space surrounding the body whose boundaries are mapped through multisensory integration and shifted by individual motor experiences. To date, nothing is known about PPS plasticity after a social motor interaction, and whether individual traits, such as anxiety, modulate it. Here, participants were instructed to manipulate small objects within their reaching space without tool-use, collaboratively helped by a confederate who employed a tool in her extrapersonal space. Social cooperative motor training shifts PPS's boundaries even if participants' motor actions are confined within their reaching space. Crucially, trait anxiety steers the shift direction: engaging in a cooperative motor interaction with another unfamiliar person expands PPS in low anxiety people, whereas individuals with high anxiety show PPS shrinkage. Our results show that PPS, built from multisensory signals, plastically adapts to social cooperative interactions, to dynamically define self-other body boundaries.

| S-EPMC11889492 | biostudies-literature

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Control of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by TAM Receptors.

Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major subtype of liver cancer, showing high mortality of patients due to limited therapeutic options at advanced stages of disease. The receptor tyrosine kinases Tyro3, Axl and MerTK-belonging to the TAM family-exert a large impact on various aspects of cancer biology. Binding of the ligands Gas6 or Protein S activates TAM receptors causing homophilic dimerization and heterophilic interactions with other receptors to modulate effector functions. In this context, TAM receptors are major regulators of anti-inflammatory responses and vessel integrity, including platelet aggregation as well as resistance to chemotherapy. In this review, we discuss the relevance of TAM receptors in the intrinsic control of HCC progression by modulating epithelial cell plasticity and by promoting metastatic traits of neoplastic hepatocytes. Depending on different etiologies of HCC, we further describe the overt role of TAM receptors in the extrinsic control of HCC progression by focusing on immune cell infiltration and fibrogenesis. Additionally, we assess TAM receptor functions in the chemoresistance against clinically used tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade in HCC progression. We finally address the question of whether inhibition of TAM receptors can be envisaged for novel therapeutic strategies in HCC.

| S-EPMC8582520 | biostudies-literature

Extrinsic control and intrinsic computation in the hippocampal CA1 circuit.

Project description:In understanding circuit operations, a key problem is the extent to which neuronal spiking reflects local computation or responses to upstream inputs. We addressed this issue in the hippocampus by performing combined optogenetic and pharmacogenetic local and upstream inactivation. Silencing the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) largely abolished extracellular theta and gamma currents in CA1 while only moderately affecting firing rates. In contrast, CA3 and local CA1 silencing strongly decreased firing of CA1 neurons without affecting theta currents. Each perturbation reconfigured the CA1 spatial map. However, the ability of the CA1 circuit to support place field activity persisted, maintaining the same fraction of spatially tuned place fields and reliable assembly expression as in the intact mouse. Thus, the CA1 network can induce and maintain coordinated cell assemblies with minimal reliance on its inputs, but these inputs can effectively reconfigure and assist in maintaining stability of the CA1 map.

| S-EPMC8857017 | biostudies-literature

Engineering extrinsic disorder to control protein activity in living cells.

Project description:Optogenetic and chemogenetic control of proteins has revealed otherwise inaccessible facets of signaling dynamics. Here, we use light- or ligand-sensitive domains to modulate the structural disorder of diverse proteins, thereby generating robust allosteric switches. Sensory domains were inserted into nonconserved, surface-exposed loops that were tight and identified computationally as allosterically coupled to active sites. Allosteric switches introduced into motility signaling proteins (kinases, guanosine triphosphatases, and guanine exchange factors) controlled conversion between conformations closely resembling natural active and inactive states, as well as modulated the morphodynamics of living cells. Our results illustrate a broadly applicable approach to design physiological protein switches.

| S-EPMC5362825 | biostudies-literature

Robust differential expression analysis by learning discriminant boundary in multi-dimensional space of statistical attributes.

Project description:BackgroundPerforming statistical tests is an important step in analyzing genome-wide datasets for detecting genomic features differentially expressed between conditions. Each type of statistical test has its own advantages in characterizing certain aspects of differences between population means and often assumes a relatively simple data distribution (e.g., Gaussian, Poisson, negative binomial, etc.), which may not be well met by the datasets of interest. Making insufficient distributional assumptions can lead to inferior results when dealing with complex differential expression patterns.ResultsWe propose to capture differential expression information more comprehensively by integrating multiple test statistics, each of which has relatively limited capacity to summarize the observed differential expression information. This work addresses a general application scenario, in which users want to detect as many as DEFs while requiring the false discovery rate (FDR) to be lower than a cut-off. We treat each test statistic as a basic attribute, and model the detection of differentially expressed genomic features as learning a discriminant boundary in a multi-dimensional space of basic attributes. We mathematically formulated our goal as a constrained optimization problem aiming to maximize discoveries satisfying a user-defined FDR. An effective algorithm, Discriminant-Cut, has been developed to solve an instantiation of this problem. Extensive comparisons of Discriminant-Cut with 13 existing methods were carried out to demonstrate its robustness and effectiveness.ConclusionsWe have developed a novel machine learning methodology for robust differential expression analysis, which can be a new avenue to significantly advance research on large-scale differential expression analysis.

| S-EPMC5168810 | biostudies-literature

PIN1 Provides Dynamic Control of MYC in Response to Extrinsic Signals.

Project description:PIN1 is a phosphorylation-directed member of the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) family that facilitates conformational changes in phosphorylated targets such as c-MYC (MYC). Following signaling events that mediate phosphorylation of MYC at Serine 62, PIN1 establishes structurally distinct pools of MYC through its trans-cis and cis-trans isomerization activity at Proline 63. Through these isomerization steps, PIN1 functionally regulates MYC's stability, the molecular timing of its DNA binding and transcriptional activity, and its subnuclear localization. Recently, our group showed that Serine 62 phosphorylated MYC can associate with the inner basket of the nuclear pore (NP) in a PIN1-dependent manner. The poised euchromatin at the NP basket enables rapid cellular response to environmental signals and cell stress, and PIN1-mediated trafficking of MYC calibrates this response. In this perspective, we describe the molecular aspects of PIN1 target recognition and PIN1's function in the context of its temporal and spatial regulation of MYC.

| S-EPMC7142217 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data