Dataset Information

First Reported Australian case of Fatal Streptococcal Group B Pneumonia (serotype 21) Necrotising fasciitis complicated by Toxic Shock Like Syndrome – A Case report and review

ABSTRACT: Highlights • Group B Streptococcus Pneumonia Necrotising fasciitis (GBSPn NF) is uncommon.• Only 5 reported cases have been published between 2011 and 2020.• GBSPn NF has a high mortality.• GBSPn NF is associated with Toxic like Shock Syndrome.• Reliance on severity scoring systems could have a deleterious outcome on patients.• Clinical suspicion and early debridement remain the mainstay of therapy.• Empirical antibiotics are essential according to local therapeutic guidelines.

Introduction

NF is a life-threatening infection and progressive disease resulting in widespread fulminant tissue destruction. It is rarely caused by Group B Streptococcus pneumonia. Early management with surgical removal of devitalized tissue and urgent antibiotic administration are key therapies.

Aim

The aim of this report is to highlight the importance of atypical microorganisms seen in NF.

Method

A case presentation and cohort summary of reported NF cases secondary to SPN from the year 2011 to 2020.

Results

We report the case of a 67-year-old male, not on immune-suppressive medications, admitted to our intensive care unit with septic shock and multiorgan failure secondary to left leg NF following a 3-week history of cactus prick with an SPN bacteraemia and LRINEC score of 5 on admission. He required multiple surgical debridements and was commenced on appropriate antibiotics. Despite continuous vasopressor supportive therapy, high flux CRRT, and IVIG, our patient died after an 8-day inpatient stay. A 10-year review showed only 5 reported GBSPn NF cases with an associated mortality rate of 40%.

Conclusion

A high clinical suspicion of SPN infections in NF is required to avoid high mortality with early diagnosis and targeted anti-microbial therapy. Severity scores may not align with clinical severity.

SUBMITTER: Gaber N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9216318 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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