Dataset Information

Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on liver fat content in young adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in young adults with obesity. Obesity is associated with relative growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and data from animal studies and from humans with pituitary GH deficiency suggest a role for GH deficiency in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The effects of GH on NAFLD in those with obesity are unknown, however, prompting this pilot study to assess effects of GH administration on measures of NAFLD in young adults.

Methods

Twenty-four men and women aged 18-29 years with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² , hepatic fat fraction (HFF) ≥ 5% on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹ H-MRS) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) z-score ≤ 0 were randomized to treatment with recombinant human GH (rhGH) versus no treatment for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in HFF.

Results

Compared to no treatment, the effect size of rhGH on absolute HFF over 24 weeks was -3.3% (95% confidence interval: -7.8%, 1.2%; p = .14). At 24 weeks, HFF < 5% was achieved in 5 of 9 individuals receiving rhGH versus 1 of 9 individuals receiving no treatment (p = .04). rhGH did not significantly reduce ALT, AST or GGT. Serum IGF-1 increased as expected with rhGH treatment, and there were no changes in fasting lipids, C-reactive protein, fasting glucose or 2-h glucose following an oral glucose tolerance test.

Conclusion

Data from this pilot study suggest that rhGH treatment in young adults with obesity and NAFLD may have benefits to reduce liver fat content, although larger studies are needed to confirm this effect.

SUBMITTER: Pan CS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9284460 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on liver fat content in young adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Pan Chelsea S CS Weiss Julian J JJ Fourman Lindsay T LT Buckless Colleen C Branch Karen L KL Lee Hang H Torriani Martin M Misra Madhusmita M Stanley Takara L TL

Clinical endocrinology 20201010 2

<h4>Background</h4>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in young adults with obesity. Obesity is associated with relative growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and data from animal studies and from humans with pituitary GH deficiency suggest a role for GH deficiency in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The effects of GH on NAFLD in those with obesity are unknown, however, prompting this pilot study to assess effects of GH administration on measures of NAFLD in young adults.<h4>Methods ...[more]

PMID: 33037656

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Project description:Abstract Background Overweight/obesity are associated with relative growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and GH deficiency has been implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD and its progressive form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and no approved therapies currently exist. We hypothesized that GH administration would reduce hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in individuals with overweight/obesity and NAFLD. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of GH administration in adults with overweight/obesity and NAFLD was conducted (NCT02217345). Fifty-three adults ages 18-70 years with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and NAFLD were randomly assigned to receive daily subcutaneous GH or placebo for 6 months. Target IGF-1 was upper quartile of normal. Primary endpoints included intrahepatic lipid content (IHL) by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and radiographic inflammation and fibrosis by LiverMultiScan corrected T1 score (cT1). Secondary endpoints included alanine transaminase (ALT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), hsCRP and HOMA-IR. Data are reported as mean ± SD. Results Forty-one subjects completed the 6-month study. Mean age (45±12 years), BMI (33±5 kg/m2), sex distribution (50% female) and baseline IHL (21.4±14.5%) did not differ between the GH and placebo groups. Over the 6-month study period, there was no difference in change in weight between the groups (GH -0.7±3.8% and placebo -0.6±4.0%, p=0.7). Change in absolute percent IHL was significantly greater in the GH vs placebo group (-5.1±10.5% vs 3.8±6.9%, p=0.003), resulting in a net treatment effect of an 8.9% reduction in IHL (95% CI 3.3-14.6%). Improvements in serum ALT (-10±13 IU/L vs -2±12 IU/L, p=0.009) and cT1 score (-11±63 ms vs 27±57 ms, p=0.037) were greater in the GH vs placebo group. There were also significant reductions in DEXA VAT area (-10±9 cm2 vs 0±20 cm2, p=0.050) and hsCRP (-0.8±0.9 mg/dL vs -0.3±1.7 mg/dL, p=0.017) in the GH vs placebo group. In multivariable models controlling for age, sex, change in weight and change in HOMA-IR, significant effects of GH vs placebo were observed on IHL (p=0.012) and ALT (p=0.015) with a trend towards improvement in cT1 score (p=0.088). In a secondary analysis excluding all subjects with >3% weight loss, which has been shown to independently impact NAFLD outcomes, there were significant improvements in IHL (p=0.001), ALT (p=0.040) and cT1 score (p=0.050) in the GH vs placebo group. No subjects were discontinued due to hyperglycemia (fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥6.5%). Mild edema was the only treatment-emergent side effect that had a significantly greater incidence in the GH vs placebo group (19% vs 0%, p=0.048). Conclusion GH administration reduces hepatic steatosis and markers of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in adults with overweight/obesity and NAFLD. The GH/IGF-1 axis may offer targetable therapeutic options for NAFLD/NASH. Presentation: Tuesday, June 14, 2022 10:00 a.m. - 10:15 a.m.

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Dataset Information

Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on liver fat content in young adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on liver fat content in young adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

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