Dataset Information

Life-Threatening Complications of Influenza versus COVID-19 in U.S. Children.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Clinical differences between critical illness from influenza infection versus coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not been well characterized in pediatric patients.

Methods

We compared U.S. children (8 months to 17 years) admitted to the intensive care or high acuity unit with influenza (17 hospitals, 12/19/2019-3/9/2020) or COVID-19 (52 hospitals, 3/15/2020-12/31/2020). We compared demographics, underlying conditions, clinical presentation, severity, and outcomes. Using mixed-effects models, we assessed the odds of death or requiring life-support for influenza versus COVID-19 after adjustment for age, sex, race and Hispanic origin, and underlying conditions including obesity.

Results

Children with influenza (n = 179) were younger than those with COVID-19 (n = 381; median 5.2 vs. 13.8 years), less likely to be non-Hispanic black (14.5% vs. 27.6%) or Hispanic (24.0% vs. 36.2%), and less likely to have ≥1 underlying condition (66.4% vs. 78.5%) or be obese (21.4% vs. 42.2%). They were similarly likely to require invasive mechanical ventilation (both 30.2%), vasopressor support (19.6% and 19.9%), or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (2.2% and 2.9%). Four children with influenza (2.2%) and 11 children with COVID-19 (2.9%) died. The odds of death or requiring life-support in children with influenza vs. COVID-19 were similar (adjusted odds ratio, 1.30 [95% CI: 0.78-2.15; P = 0.32]). Median duration of hospital stay was shorter for influenza than COVID-19 (5 versus 7 days).

Conclusions

Despite differences in demographics and clinical characteristics of children with influenza or COVID-19, the frequency of life-threatening complications was similar. Our findings highlight the importance of implementing prevention measures to reduce transmission and disease severity of influenza and COVID-19.

SUBMITTER: Halasa NB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9384330 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Life-Threatening Complications of Influenza vs Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in US Children.

Halasa Natasha B NB Spieker Andrew J AJ Young Cameron C CC Olson Samantha M SM Newhams Margaret M MM Amarin Justin Z JZ Moffitt Kristin L KL Nakamura Mari M MM Levy Emily R ER Soma Vijaya L VL Talj Rana R Weiss Scott L SL Fitzgerald Julie C JC Mack Elizabeth H EH Maddux Aline B AB Schuster Jennifer E JE Coates Bria M BM Hall Mark W MW Schwartz Stephanie P SP Schwarz Adam J AJ Kong Michele M Spinella Philip C PC Loftis Laura L LL McLaughlin Gwenn E GE Hobbs Charlotte V CV Rowan Courtney M CM Bembea Melania M MM Nofziger Ryan A RA Babbitt Christopher J CJ Bowens Cindy C Flori Heidi R HR Gertz Shira J SJ Zinter Matt S MS Giuliano John S JS Hume Janet R JR Cvijanovich Natalie Z NZ Singh Aalok R AR Crandall Hillary A HA Thomas Neal J NJ Cullimore Melissa L ML Patel Manish M MM Randolph Adrienne G AG

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20230201 3

<h4>Background</h4>Clinical differences between critical illness from influenza infection vs coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not been well characterized in pediatric patients.<h4>Methods</h4>We compared demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of US children (aged 8 months to 17 years) admitted to the intensive care or high-acuity unit with influenza or COVID-19. Using mixed-effects models, we assessed the odds of death or requiring life support for influenza vs COVID-19 aft ...[more]

PMID: 35717646

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