Dataset Information

COVID-19 cross-sectional study in Marica, Brazil: The impact of vaccination coverage on viral incidence.

ABSTRACT: Population surveillance in COVID-19 Pandemic is crucial to follow up the pace of disease and its related immunological status. Here we present a cross-sectional study done in Maricá, a seaside town close to the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Three rounds of study sampling, enrolling a total of 1134 subjects, were performed during May to August 2021. Here we show that the number of individuals carrying detectable IgG antibodies and the neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were greater in vaccinated groups compared to unvaccinated ones, highlighting the importance of vaccination to attain noticeable levels of populational immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we found a decreased incidence of COVID-19 throughout the study, clearly correlated with the level of vaccinated individuals as well as the proportion of individuals with detectable levels of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 and NAb. The observed drop occurred even during the introduction of the Delta variant in Maricá, what suggests that the vaccination slowed down the widespread transmission of this variant. Overall, our data clearly support the use of vaccines to drop the incidence associated to SARS-CoV-2.

SUBMITTER: Frauches TS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9484680 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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COVID-19 cross-sectional study in Maricá, Brazil: The impact of vaccination coverage on viral incidence.

Frauches Thiago Silva TS Costa Carlos Alberto de Senna CAS Rodrigues Claudia Dos Santos CDS de Azevedo Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes MCVM Ferreira Michelle de Moraes MM Ramos Hanna Beatriz Vieira da Silva HBVDS de Souza Junior Wilson Rodrigues WR Costa Andréa Ribeiro AR Camargo Adriana Cardoso AC Alonso Adriana Halfeld AH Dos Santos Fábio Álvaro FÁ Oliveira Hércules da Silva HDS Coelho Janaína Guimarães JG Sobral Joyce Florentina da Silva JFDS Rodrigues Luciane Cardoso Dos Santos LCDS Ferreira Marcio Martins Casaes MMC Laureano Patricia P da Paz Fernandes Raquel Adalgiza RA Santos Renata da Silva RDS Dos Santos Rose Mary Carvalho RMC Milagres Sanderson S Dos Santos Vanessa Cristina Conceição VCC Silva Jussara Teixeira JT da Silva Tatiana Martins TM da Rocha Malu Gabriela Costa MGC de São Carlos Andreia Edwirges AE de Araújo Ramos Amorim Mourão AM Bastos Fernanda Martins de Almeida FMA Francisco Daina Raylle DR Rosa Sabrina Dos Santos SDS Linhares Layla Corrêa LC Organista Raissa Rodrigues RR Bastos Leandro L Pinto Maria Magdalena Kelly MMK do Nascimento Jean Pablo Lima JPL da Silveira João Pedro Moura JPM Dos Santos Mateus Quintanilha MQ da Silva Nathaly Santos NS Ferreira Nayra Cristina Dos Santos NCDS Reis Rafael Brito Ramirez RBR de Oliveira Ruan Fonseca RF Sá Valdinei de Oliveira VO Hammes Thyago Ramos de Siqueira TRS Monteiro Juliano de Oliveira JO Cardoso Pedro Henrique PH Arruda Mônica Barcellos MB Alvarez Patricia P Maia Richard Araujo RA Ribeiro Liane de Jesus LJ Ferreira Orlando Costa OC Santos Aline A de Almeida Alberto Carlos Melo ACM Garcia Lauro L Pansera Celso C Tanuri Amilcar A

PloS one 20220919 9

Population surveillance in COVID-19 Pandemic is crucial to follow up the pace of disease and its related immunological status. Here we present a cross-sectional study done in Maricá, a seaside town close to the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Three rounds of study sampling, enrolling a total of 1134 subjects, were performed during May to August 2021. Here we show that the number of individuals carrying detectable IgG antibodies and the neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were greater in vaccinate ...[more]

PMID: 36121796

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Project description:BackgroundHIV incidence is the best measure of treatment-programme effectiveness, but its measurement is difficult and expensive. The concept of community viral load as a modifiable driver of new HIV infections has attracted substantial attention. We set out to compare several measures of community viral load and antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage as correlates of HIV incidence in high-risk populations.MethodsWe analysed data from a sample of people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men, who were participants of the baseline assessment of a cluster-randomised trial in progress across 22 cities in India (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01686750). We recruited the study population by use of respondent-driven sampling and did the baseline assessment at 27 community-based sites (12 for men who have sex with men and 15 for people who inject drugs). We estimated HIV incidence with a multiassay algorithm and calculated five community-based measures of HIV control: mean log10 HIV RNA in participants with HIV in a community either engaged in care (in-care viral load), aware of their status but not necessarily in care (aware viral load), or all HIV-positive individuals whether they were aware, in care, or not (population viral load); participants with HIV in a community with HIV RNA more than 150 copies per mL (prevalence of viraemia); and the proportion of participants with HIV who self-reported ART use in the previous 30 days (population ART coverage). All participants were tested for HIV, with additional testing in HIV-positive individuals. We assessed correlations between the measures and HIV incidence with Spearman correlation coefficients and linear regression analysis.FindingsBetween Oct 1, 2012, and Dec 19, 2013, we recruited 26,503 participants, 12,022 men who have sex with men and 14,481 people who inject drugs. Median incidence of HIV was 0·87% (IQR 0·40-1·17) in men who have sex with men and 1·43% (0·60-4·00) in people who inject drugs. Prevalence of viraemia was more strongly correlated with HIV incidence (correlation 0·81, 95% CI 0·62-0·91; p<0·0001) than all other measures, although correlation was significant with aware viral load (0·59, 0·27-0·79; p=0·001), population viral load (0·51, 0·16-0·74; p=0·007), and population ART coverage (-0·54, -0·76 to -0·20; p=0·004). In-care viral load was not correlated with HIV incidence (0·29, -0·10 to 0·60; p=0·14). With regression analysis, we estimated that to reduce HIV incidence by 1 percentage point in a community, prevalence of viraemia would need to be reduced by 4·34%, and ART use in HIV-positive individuals would need to increase by 19·5%.InterpretationPrevalence of viraemia had the strongest correlation with HIV incidence in this sample and might be a useful measure of the effectiveness of a treatment programme.FundingUS National Institutes of Health, Elton John AIDS Foundation.

Dataset Information

COVID-19 cross-sectional study in Marica, Brazil: The impact of vaccination coverage on viral incidence.

Publications

COVID-19 cross-sectional study in Maricá, Brazil: The impact of vaccination coverage on viral incidence.

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