Dataset Information

T Stage and Pretreatment Standardized Uptake Values Predict Tumor Recurrence With 5-Fraction SABR in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Five-fraction stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) regimens are frequently used to treat centrally located early-stage non-small cell lung cancer or disease in the proximity of the chest wall as a means of optimizing tumor control and reducing treatment toxicity. However, increasing these SABR regimens to 5 fractions may reduce tumor control outcomes. We sought to identify the clinical parameters predictive of treatment failures with these 5-fraction courses.

Methods

Ninety patients with T1-2 non-small cell lung cancer were treated with 50 or 60 Gy in 5 fractions. Failure over time was modeled using cumulative incidences of local, regional, or distant failure, with death as a competing risk. Cox proportional hazards analysis for incidences of failure was performed to control for patient variables.

Results

Of 90 patients, 24 of 53 patients with T1 tumors and 19 of 37 patients with T2 tumors received 50 Gy SABR, and the other 47 patients received 60 Gy. Two-year overall survival and progression-free survival for the whole cohort were 75.8% and 59.3%, respectively. Total SABR dose (50 vs 60 Gy) did not influence survival nor failure rates at 2 and 5 years. Within 2 years of treatment, 7.8% of all patients developed local failure. For all patient and tumor characteristics evaluated, only T stage and pretreatment positron emission tomography standardized uptake values served as predictors of local, regional, and distant failure at 2 and 5 years posttreatment on univariate and multivariable analysis.

Conclusions

Five-fraction SABR provides excellent in-field control. T2 and high fluorodeoxyglucose uptake tumors have increased failure rates, suggesting the potential need for adjuvant therapies, which are being assessed in randomized phase 3 trials.

SUBMITTER: Hsu EJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9486424 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Sep-Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

T Stage and Pretreatment Standardized Uptake Values Predict Tumor Recurrence With 5-Fraction SABR in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Hsu Eric J EJ Mendel Jameson T JT Ward Kristin A KA El-Ashmawy Mariam M Lee Minjae M Choy Hak H Westover Kenneth D KD Vo Dat T DT Timmerman Robert D RD Sher David J DJ Iyengar Puneeth P

Advances in radiation oncology 20220521 5

<h4>Purpose</h4>Five-fraction stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) regimens are frequently used to treat centrally located early-stage non-small cell lung cancer or disease in the proximity of the chest wall as a means of optimizing tumor control and reducing treatment toxicity. However, increasing these SABR regimens to 5 fractions may reduce tumor control outcomes. We sought to identify the clinical parameters predictive of treatment failures with these 5-fraction courses.<h4>Methods</h4> ...[more]

PMID: 36148376

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Project description:PurposeTumor response assessments on positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans require correct quantification of radiotracer uptake in tumors and normal organs. Historically, MRI scans have been enhanced with gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents, which are now controversial due to brain deposition. Recently, ferumoxytol nanoparticles have been identified as an alternative to Gd-based contrast agents because they provide strong tissue enhancement on MR images but are not deposited in the brain. However, it is not known if the strong T1- and T2-contrast obtained with iron oxide nanoparticles such as ferumoxytol could affect MR-based attenuation correction of PET data. The purpose of our study was to investigate if ferumoxytol administration prior to a 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose [18F]FDG PET/MR scan would change standardized uptake values (SUV) of normal organs.ProceduresThirty pediatric patients (6-18 years) with malignant tumors underwent [18F]FDG-PET/MR scans (dose 3 MBq/kg). Fifteen patients received an intravenous ferumoxytol injection (5 mg Fe/kg) prior to the [18F]FDG-PET/MR scans (group 1). Fifteen additional age- and sex-matched patients received unenhanced [18F]FDG-PET/MR scans (group 2). For attenuation correction of PET data, we used a Dixon-based gradient echo sequence (TR 4.2 ms, TE 1.1, 2.3 ms, FA 5), which accounted for soft tissue, lung, fat, and background air. We used a mixed linear effects model to compare the tissue MRI enhancement, quantified as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), as well as tissue radiotracer signal, quantified as SUVmean and SUVmax, between group 1 and group 2. Alpha was assumed at 0.05.ResultsThe MRI enhancement of the blood and solid extra-cerebral organs, quantified as SNR, was significantly higher on ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI scans compared to unenhanced scans (p < 0.001). However, SUVmean and SUVmax values, corrected based on the patients' body weight or body surface area, were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionFerumoxytol administration prior to a [18F]FDG PET/MR scan did not change standardized uptake values (SUV) of solid extra-cerebral organs. This is important, because it allows injection of ferumoxytol contrast prior to a PET/MRI procedure and, thereby, significantly accelerates image acquisition times.

Project description:Background: The mTORC1 inhibitor everolimus has been approved in combination with the aromatase inhibitor exemestane for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (HR+ mBC) progressing on prior therapy with a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor. To date, no predictive biomarkers of tumor sensitivity/resistance for everolimus-based treatments have been identified. We hypothesized that precocious changes in the Standardized Uptake Volume (∆SUV%), as assessed by 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucosepositron-emission tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), may be a marker of everolimus efficacy. Methods: This was a retrospective study including 31 HR+ HER2- patients treated with everolimus and exemestane in two Italian centers between 2013 and 2018. The objective of the study was to investigate ∆SUV% as a predictive marker of everolimus antitumor efficacy. 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed at baseline and after three months of treatment. Patients were defined as long responders (LRs) if disease progression occurred at least 10 months after treatment initiation and long survivors (LSs) if death occurred later than 36 months after starting therapy. ROC analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off values of ∆SUV% to distinguish LRs from non-LRs and LSs from non-LSs. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: The SUVmax values decreased significantly from baseline to 3 months after therapy (p = 0.003). Dynamic changes of SUVmax (Delta SUV) had a higher accuracy in discriminating long-responders from non-long-responders (AUC = 0.67, Delta SUV cut-off = 28.8%) respects to its ability to identify long survivors from no-long survivors (AUC = 0.60, Delta SUV cut-off = 53.8%). Patients were divided into groups according to the Delta SUV cut-offs and survival outcomes were evaluated: patients with a decrease of ∆SUV% ≥ 28.8% had significantly better PFS (10 months-PFS: 63.2%, 95% CI: 37.9-80.4% and 16.7%, 95% CI: 2.7-41.3% respectively, p = 0.005). As regard as OS, patients with ∆SUV% ≥ 53.8% had longer OS when compared to patients with ∆SUV% < 53.8% (36 month-OS: 82.5% vs. 45.9% vs. p = 0.048). Conclusion: We found two precocious ∆SUV% thresholds capable of identifying HR+ HER2-mBC patients, which would achieve long-term benefit or long-term survival during everolimus-exemestane therapy. These results warrant further validation in prospective studies and should be integrated with molecular biomarkers related to tumor metabolism and mTORC1 signaling.

Project description:PurposeTo evaluate and compare the prognostic value of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and maximal standard uptake values (SUVmax ) of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) in subgroups of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with locoregional or distant recurrence.Patients and methodsA total of 194 patients with recurrent NPC (locoregional recurrence: 107, distant recurrence: 87) were enrolled. Patients took evidence of recurrence performed with 18F-FDG-PET and an EBV DNA test before salvage treatment. Clinical parameters, the status of EBV DNA and the value of SUVmax were used for survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsIn the subgroup of patients with locoregional recurrence, patients with SUVmax<8.65 had significantly better overall survival (OS) (P=0.005) compared with the patients with SUVmax ≥8.65. However, both elevated EBV DNA load (≥21,100 copies/ml) and distant SUVmax (≥13.55) were significantly associated with worse OS compared with the patients with EBV DNA <21,100 copies/ml or distant SUVmax <13.55 for the subgroup with distant recurrence (P=0.015 and P=0.006, respectively). The predictive ability of EBV DNA was superior to that of SUVmax (P=0.062). Multivariate analysis showed that SUVmax was only an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with locoregional recurrence (P=0.042), whereas EBV DNA independently predicted OS for the patients with distant recurrence (P=0.007). For those patients with undetectable EBV DNA, SUVmax<8.65 was still an independent favorable prognostic factor (P=0.038).ConclusionsSUVmax is a useful biomarker for predicting OS in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with locoregional recurrence or with undetectable EBV DNA. Both distant SUVmax and EBV DNA appear to be independent predictors of OS in patients with distant recurrence; however, the predictive ability of EBV DNA was superior to that of SUVmax.

Project description:BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) as a predictor of recurrence and timing of recurrence after resection of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.MethodsThe study retrospectively reviewed patients from a single institution who underwent lobectomy for stage I to IIa non-small cell lung cancer from 2013 to 2018. Exclusion criteria included preoperative therapy and neuroendocrine histologic type. The study investigators collected recurrence and follow-up data, as well as preoperative SUVmax. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to identify the optimal SUVmax for predicting recurrence. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to identify predictors of freedom from recurrence (FFR).ResultsThe study included 238 patients, 30 (12.6%) of whom had disease recurrence. The receiver operating characteristic curve had an area under the curve of 0.671 and identified 4.93 as the optimal SUVmax cutoff. Patients were stratified into groups on the basis of this value; each group included 119 patients. High SUVmax was associated with larger tumor size, poor differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and shorter FFR. The proportion of patients without recurrence at 5 years in the low- and high-SUVmax groups were 92.4% and 73.4%, respectively (P < .001). On univariate analysis, poor differentiation (hazard ratio [HR],2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 5.31; P = .04), lymphovascular invasion (HR, 3.19; 95% CI, 1.37 to 7.44; P = .007), visceral pleural invasion (HR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.05 to 5.20; P = .04), and SUVmax 4.93 or greater (HR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.84 to 11.03; P = .001) predicted FFR. On multivariable analysis, only SUVmax 4.93 or greater remained significant (HR, 5.36; 95% CI, 1.50 to 19.17; P = .01).ConclusionsSUVmax is independently associated with a risk of recurrence after resection of early-stage lung cancer. SUVmax may be a valuable tool for stratifying patients with early-stage lung cancer for adjuvant therapy and surveillance frequency.

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Dataset Information

T Stage and Pretreatment Standardized Uptake Values Predict Tumor Recurrence With 5-Fraction SABR in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

T Stage and Pretreatment Standardized Uptake Values Predict Tumor Recurrence With 5-Fraction SABR in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Similar Datasets

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