Dataset Information

Dairy Product Consumption and Changes in Cognitive Performance: Two-Year Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Scope

Dairy consumption has been suggested to impact cognition; however, evidence is limited and inconsistent. This study aims to longitudinally assess the association between dairy consumption with cognitive changes in an older Spanish population at high cardiovascular disease risk.

Methods and results

Four thousand six hundred sixty eight participants aged 55-75 years, completed a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline and a neuropsychological battery of tests at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Multivariable linear regression models are used, scaled by 100 (i.e., the units of β correspond to 1 SD/100), to assess associations between baseline tertile daily consumption and 2-year changes in cognitive performance. Participants in the highest tertile of total milk and whole-fat milk consumption have a greater decline in global cognitive function (β: -4.71, 95% CI: -8.74 to -0.69, p-trend = 0.020 and β: -6.64, 95% CI: -10.81 to -2.47, p-trend = 0.002, respectively) compared to those in the lowest tertile. No associations are observed between low fat milk, yogurt, cheese or fermented dairy consumption, and changes in cognitive performance.

Conclusion

Results suggest there are no clear prospective associations between consumption of most commonly consumed dairy products and cognition, although there may be an association with a greater rate of cognitive decline over a 2-year period in older adults at high cardiovascular disease risk for whole-fat milk.

SUBMITTER: Ni J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9541289 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dairy Product Consumption and Changes in Cognitive Performance: Two-Year Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Cohort.

Ni Jiaqi J Nishi Stephanie K SK Babio Nancy N Martínez-González Miguel A MA Corella Dolores D Castañer Olga O Martínez J Alfredo JA Alonso-Gómez Ángel M ÁM Gómez-Gracia Enrique E Vioque Jesús J Romaguera Dora D López-Miranda José J Estruch Ramon R Tinahones Francisco J FJ Lapetra José J Serra-Majem J Luís JL Bueno-Cavanillas Aurora A Tur Josep A JA Martín-Sánchez Vicente V Pintó Xavier X Gaforio José J JJ Barabash Bustelo Ana A Vidal Josep J Vázquez Clotilde C Daimiel Lidia L Ros Emili E Toledo Estefanía E Coltell Oscar O Gómez-Martínez Carlos C Zomeño María Dolores MD Donat-Vargas Carolina C Goicolea-Güemez Leire L Bouzas Cristina C Garcia-de-la-Hera Manoli M Chaplin Alice A Garcia-Rios Antonio A Casas Rosa R Cornejo-Pareja Isabel I Santos-Lozano José Manuel JM Rognoni Teresa T Saiz Carmen C Paz-Graniel Indira I Malcampo Mireia M Sánchez-Villegas Almudena A Salaverria-Lete Itziar I García-Arellano Ana A Schröder Helmut H Salas-Salvadó Jordi J

Molecular nutrition & food research 20220601 14

<h4>Scope</h4>Dairy consumption has been suggested to impact cognition; however, evidence is limited and inconsistent. This study aims to longitudinally assess the association between dairy consumption with cognitive changes in an older Spanish population at high cardiovascular disease risk.<h4>Methods and results</h4>Four thousand six hundred sixty eight participants aged 55-75 years, completed a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline and a neuropsychological battery of tests at bas ...[more]

PMID: 35524484

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Project description:IntroductionType 2 diabetes has been linked to greater cognitive decline, but other glycemic parameters such as prediabetes, diabetes control and treatment, and HOMA-IR and HbA1c diabetes-related biomarkers have shown inconsistent results. Furthermore, there is limited research assessing these relationships in short-term studies. Thus, we aimed to examine 2-year associations between baseline diabetes/glycemic status and changes in cognitive function in older participants at high risk of cardiovascular disease.MethodsWe conducted a 2-year prospective cohort study (n=6,874) within the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study. The participants (with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome; mean age 64.9 years; 48.5% women) completed a battery of 8 cognitive tests, and a global cognitive function Z-score (GCF) was estimated. At baseline, participants were categorized by diabetes status (no-diabetes, prediabetes, and <5 or ≥5-year diabetes duration), and also by diabetes control. Furthermore, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured, and antidiabetic medications were recorded. Linear and logistic regression models, adjusted by potential confounders, were fitted to assess associations between glycemic status and changes in cognitive function.ResultsPrediabetes status was unrelated to cognitive decline. However, compared to participants without diabetes, those with ≥5-year diabetes duration had greater reductions in GCF (β=-0.11 (95%CI -0.16;-0.06)], as well as in processing speed and executive function measurements. Inverse associations were observed between baseline HOMA-IR and changes in GCF [β=-0.0094 (95%CI -0.0164;-0.0023)], but also between HbA1c levels and changes in GCF [β=-0.0085 (95%CI -0.0115, -0.0055)], the Mini-Mental State Examination, and other executive function tests. Poor diabetes control was inversely associated with phonologic fluency. The use of insulin treatment was inversely related to cognitive function as measured by the GCF [β=-0.31 (95%CI -0.44, -0.18)], and other cognitive tests.ConclusionsInsulin resistance, diabetes status, longer diabetes duration, poor glycemic control, and insulin treatment were associated with worsening cognitive function changes in the short term in a population at high cardiovascular risk.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870, identifier ISRCTN: 89898870.

Project description:Background & aimCurrent evidence on prospective associations between dairy product, dairy fat and lactose intakes and lung cancer risk is limited and inconsistent. We conducted a prospective analysis of associations of lung cancer risk with dairy product intakes in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) cohort.MethodsPre-diagnostic dairy product intake was assessed through a validated Diet History Questionnaire. All incident lung cancer cases were pathologically verified. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations of lung cancer risk with intakes of total, full-fat, low-fat dairy, fermented or non-fermented dairy products; milk fat content preference; and intakes of total and saturated fats and lactose from dairy products.ResultsAmong 101,709 adults (mean age of 65.5 years), a total of 1583 lung cancer cases were identified during 1,167,239 person-years of follow up. Mean total dairy product intake was 156 g/1000 kilocalories (kcal), including 20 g/1000 kcal from fermented dairy products. Total dairy intake was not associated with lung cancer risk (HR [95% CI] = 1.03 [0.89-1.18]) comparing the highest quartile with the lowest. Fermented dairy intake was inversely associated with lung cancer risk (0.85 [0.72-0.99]). In contrast, there were no statistically significant associations with low-fat, full-fat or non-fermented dairy product intakes. The preference of whole milk when consuming milk as beverage was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer than the preference of <0.5% fat milk (1.24 [1.03-1.49]). Total fat, saturated fat and lactose intakes from dairy products each were not associated with lung cancer risk.ConclusionsOur results suggest an inverse association of lung cancer risk with fermented dairy intake and a positive association with the whole milk preference in a US population. Future studies exploring underlying molecular mechanisms are warranted.

Project description:ObjectivesTo provide a comprehensive systematic overview of current evidence from pooled analyses/meta-analyses and systematic reviews (PMASRs) pertaining to dairy consumption and incident cancer and/or all-cause or cancer-specific mortality.DesignOverview of reviews.SettingCommunity setting.ParticipantsThe unit of analysis is PMASRs. A total of 42 PMASRs was included in this overview of reviews.Interventions/exposuresAny dairy product consumption (eg, milk, yogurt, etc).Primary and secondary outcomes measuresPrimary outcome measure is development of any type of cancer. Secondary outcome measures are all-cause mortality and cancer-specific mortality.ResultsFrom 9693 citations identified, we included 42 PMASRs (52 study reports) published between 1991 and 2017. Thirty-one (74%) of these was pooled analyses/meta analyses, and only 11 (26%) were systematic reviews and meta-analyses. There was a wide variability in the type of study designs included within the other PMASRs, thus contributing to variable and, in instances, divergent estimates of cancer risk for several cancer subtypes. For example, only one systematic review and meta-analysis exclusively included prospective study designs. Most PMASRs were of low to moderate quality based on the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) scores. The median AMSTAR score was 5 (IQR 2-7). Our overview identified conflicting evidence from PMASRs on association between dairy consumption and incident cancers or mortality. Heterogeneity in summary estimates reflected the inclusion of variable study designs and overall low methodological quality of individual PMASRs.ConclusionsThe association between dairy consumption and cancer risk has been explored in PMASRs with a variety of study designs and of low to moderate quality. To fully characterise valid associations between dairy consumption and risk of cancer and/or mortality rigorously conducted, PMASRs including only high-quality prospective study designs are required.Trial registration numberCRD42017078463.

Dataset Information

Dairy Product Consumption and Changes in Cognitive Performance: Two-Year Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Cohort.

Scope

Methods and results

Conclusion

Publications

Dairy Product Consumption and Changes in Cognitive Performance: Two-Year Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Cohort.

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