Correction: Copy number of pancreatic polypeptide receptor gene NPY4R correlates with body mass index and waist circumference
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC9555669 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Multiple genetic studies have linked copy number variation (CNV) in different genes to body mass index (BMI) and obesity. A CNV on chromosome 10q11.22 has been associated with body weight. This CNV region spans NPY4R, the gene encoding the pancreatic polypeptide receptor Y4, which has been described as a satiety-stimulating receptor. We have investigated CNV of the NPY4R gene and analysed its relationship to BMI, waist circumference and self-reported dietary intake from 558 individuals (216 men and 342 women) representing a wide BMI range. The copy number for NPY4R ranged from 2 to 8 copies (average 4.6±0.8). Rather than the expected negative correlation, we observed a positive correlation between NPY4R copy number and BMI as well as waist circumference in women (Pearson’s r = 0.267, p = 2.65×10−7 and r = 0.256, p = 8×10−7, respectively). Each additional copy of NPY4R correlated with 2.6 kg/m2 increase in BMI and 5.67 cm increase in waist circumference (p = 2.8×10−5 and p = 6.2×10−5, respectively) for women. For men, there was no statistically significant correlation between CNV and BMI. Our results suggest that NPY4R genetic variation influences body weight in women, but the exact role of this receptor appears to be more complex than previously proposed.
| S-EPMC5886410 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe association between waist circumference (WC) and mortality is particularly strong and direct when adjusted for body mass index (BMI). One conceivable explanation for this association is that WC adjusted for BMI is a better predictor of the presumably most harmful intra-abdominal fat mass (IAFM) than WC alone. We studied the prediction of abdominal subcutaneous fat mass (ASFM) and IAFM by WC alone and by addition of BMI as an explanatory factor.Methodology/principal findingsWC, BMI and magnetic resonance imaging data from 742 men and women who participated in clinical studies in Canada and Finland were pooled. Total adjusted squared multiple correlation coefficients (R(2)) of ASFM and IAFM were calculated from multiple linear regression models with WC and BMI as explanatory variables. Mean BMI and WC of the participants in the pooled sample were 30 kg/m(2) and 102 cm, respectively. WC explained 29% of the variance in ASFM and 51% of the variance in IAFM. Addition of BMI to WC added 28% to the variance explained in ASFM, but only 1% to the variance explained in IAFM. Results in subgroups stratified by study center, sex, age, obesity level and type 2 diabetes status were not systematically different.Conclusion/significanceThe prediction of IAFM by WC is not improved by addition of BMI.
| S-EPMC3286444 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNumerous studies have indicated an obesity paradox in observational research on aging health, where being normal weight or underweight adversely affects cognitive function, while moderate obesity may offer protective benefits. This study aims to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), abdominal volume index (AVI), and the joint effect of BMI and HC on cognitive impairment in older Chinese people.MethodsA total of 10,579 participants aged 65 years and older from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) were included in this cross-sectional study. BMI, WC, HC, WHtR, WHR, and AVI were calculated from height, weight, WC, and HC measurements, where weight, WC, and HC were obtained by direct measurement. Mini-Mental State Examination was used to assess cognitive impairment. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using binary logistic regression. Non-linear correlations were investigated using restricted cubic spline curves.ResultsIn multivariate logistic regression models fully adjusted for confounding variables, our analyses showed significant negative associations of WC [OR 0.93 (95%CI 0.88-0.98), P = .012], HC [OR 0.92 (95%CI 0.87-0.97), P = .004], lower WHR (Q2) [OR 0.85 (95%CI 0.72-1.00), P = .044], and AVI [OR 0.93 (95%CI 0.88-0.98), P = .011] with cognitive impairment. Nonlinear curve analysis showed that the risk of cognitive impairment was lowest when the BMI was about 25.5 kg/m², suggesting that the optimal BMI for older Chinese people to maintain good cognitive ability may be in the overweight range. In addition, there was a non-linear "N" shaped relationship between HC and cognitive impairment, with HC having the highest risk of cognitive impairment at about 82 cm and the lowest risk at about 101 cm. The joint effects analysis indicated that the lowest risk was observed among those with normal or higher BMI but higher HC compared with participants with normal BMI levels and lower HC levels.ConclusionIn older Chinese people, a low-waisted and high-hip circumference body figure is favorable for cognitive function in older people. It also found a significant association between AVI and cognitive impairment. The joint analysis of BMI and HC suggests that maintaining a normal or higher BMI with a higher HC may be more conducive to maintaining good cognitive function.
| S-EPMC11546056 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimTo ascertain to what extent it is possible to stop being obese (to normalize body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC] and/or body fat percentage [BFP]).DesignLongitudinal observational and retrospective study. SITE: Eleven Spanish health centers.ParticipantsMen and women with BMI≥30kg/m2 (n=1246) or general obesity (GO), with WC>102cm and >88cm, respectively (n=2122) or abdominal obesity (AO) and with BFP>25% and >35%, respectively (n=2436) or excess body fat (EBF), from the PEPAF Study cohort of 4927 participants aged 20-80years.Main measurementsData from the PEPAF study at baseline and at 6, 12 and 24months: gender, age, diagnoses of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia, smoking, levels of and compliance with physical activity recommendations, maximum oxygen consumption, weigh, height, WC and three skin-folds (thoracic, umbilical and anterior thigh for men and triceps, suprailiac and anterior thigh for women).ResultsOf 2054 participants with any type of obesity at baseline and valid data at 2years, 240 (11.6%) had normalized all of their obesity diagnostic indexes. 19.5% (95% confidence interval (95%CI: 17.6-21.4) ceased to have EBF, 12.0% (95%CI: 10.4-13.7) ceased to have AO and 10.5% (95%CI: 8.5-12.7) ceased to have GO.ConclusionsObesity differs from other chronic diseases in that it can be «cured» by normalizing the amount of body fat.
| S-EPMC9813526 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We recently found a negative association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of localised prostate cancer (PCa), no association with advanced PCa, and a positive association with PCa-specific mortality. In a 15% subpopulation of that study, we here investigated the measures of abdominal adiposity including waist circumference (WC) and A Body Shape Index (ABSI) in relation to PCa risk and mortality. We used data from 58,457 men from four Swedish cohorts to assess WC and ABSI in relation to PCa risk according to cancer risk category, including localised asymptomatic and symptomatic PCa and advanced PCa, and PCa-specific mortality. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During, on average, 10 years of follow-up, 3290 men were diagnosed with PCa and 387 died of PCa. WC was negatively associated with the risk of total PCa (HR per 10 cm, 0.95; 95% CI 0.92-0.99), localised PCa (HR per 10 cm, 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.96) and localised asymptomatic PCa cases detected through a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test (HR per 10 cm, 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.94). WC was not associated with the risk of advanced PCa (HR per 10 cm, 1.02, 95% CI 0.93-1.14) or with PCa-specific mortality (HR per 10 cm, 1.04, 95% CI 0.92-1.19). ABSI showed no associations with the risk of PCa or PCa-specific mortality. While the negative association between WC and the risk of localised PCa was partially driven by PSA-detected PCa cases, no association was found between abdominal adiposity and clinically manifest PCa in our population.
| S-EPMC8026929 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWaist circumference (WC), calf circumference (CC), and body mass index (BMI) have been independently linked to mortality. However, it's not yet clear how the waist-calf circumference ratio (WCR) relates to mortality. This study aims to investigate the relationship between WCR, WC, CC, and BMI with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults.MethodsIn the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 4627 participants aged 65 years and older were included, and they were subsequently followed up in 2018. Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality, based on WCR, WC, CC, and BMI.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 3.4 years, 1671 deaths (36.1%) occurred. Compared to the second quartile of WCR, the highest quartile had a higher risk of mortality from all causes (HR 1.42, 95%CI 1.24-1.64), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 1.88, 95%CI 1.38-2.56), and other causes (HR 1.37, 95%CI 1.15-1.63). The first and fourth quartiles of WC had HRs of 2.19 (1.00-4.79) and 2.69 (1.23-5.89), respectively, for cancer mortality. The highest quartile of CC was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and other-cause mortality, whereas the lowest quartile was associated with a higher risk of all-cause, CVD, and other-cause mortality compared to the second CC quartile. Additionally, the lowest quartile of BMI was associated with a higher risk of all-cause and respiratory disease mortality. Interaction analyses showed that the effects of CC on all-cause and CVD mortality were more pronounced in adults aged ≥ 80 years (P-interaction < .05).ConclusionsHigher WCR and lower CC increased the risk of all-cause, CVD, and other-cause mortality. Lower BMI was associated with higher all-cause and respiratory disease mortality risk, while WC only predicted cancer mortality.
| S-EPMC10498546 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveObesity is the prominent modifiable risk factor known to influence the occurrence and progression of diabetes other than age, and the objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the predictive value of three simple baseline anthropometric indicators of obesity, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-height ratio (WHtR), for the occurrence of diabetes at different time points in the future.MethodsThe study subjects were 12,823 individuals with normoglycemic at baseline who underwent health screening and had measurements of BMI, WC, and WHtR. The outcome of interest was new-onset diabetes during follow-up. Time-dependent receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves of baseline BMI, WC, and WHtR for predicting the risk of diabetes in the next 2 to 12 years were constructed and their area under the ROC curves (AUCs) and corresponding optimal threshold values were calculated for each time point, which were used to compare the accuracy and stability of the above three indicators for predicting the occurrence of diabetes in different future periods.ResultsDuring a median follow-up period of 7.02 years, with a maximum follow-up of 13 years, 320 new-onset diabetes were recorded. After adjusting for confounders and comparing standardized hazard ratios (HRs), WC was shown to be the best simple anthropometric indicator of obesity reflecting diabetes risk in all models, followed by WHtR. Time-dependent ROC analysis showed that WC had the highest AUC in predicting the occurrence of diabetes in the short term (2-5 years), and WHtR had the highest AUC in predicting the occurrence of diabetes in the medium to long term (6-12 years), while in any time point, both WC and WHtR had higher AUC than BMI in predicting future diabetes. In addition, we found relatively larger fluctuations in the thresholds of BMI and WC for predicting diabetes over time, while the thresholds of WHtR consistently remained between 0.47-0.50; comparatively speaking, WHtR may have greater application value in predicting future diabetes.ConclusionsOur analysis sustained that central obesity is a more important predictor of diabetes, and in clinical practice, we proposed measuring WHtR as a useful tool for predicting future diabetes.
| S-EPMC9852880 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAssociations of waist circumferences (WC) and body mass index (BMI) measured once or over time, with cancer incidence were studied. WC is associated with some cancers independent of BMI. Analyses of cumulative central adiposity and cancer are lacking. We investigated associations between waist circumference-years, incorporating exposure time to WC ≥ 102 cm in men or ≥88 cm in women, and cancer, and compared this with single WC or BMI.MethodsSerial WC measurements taken over 9 years in the prospective Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) predicted yearly WC. Cox proportional hazards regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of cancer incidence for waist circumference-years, WC or BMI, measured in Visit 4. Harrell's C-statistic quantified metric predictive performances.Results10,172 participants were followed up from Visit 4 for cancer over a median 13.7 for men and 15.8 years for women. For obesity-related cancers, HRs per standard deviation waist circumference-years were 1.14 (95%CI:1.04,1.25) and 1.19 (95%CI:1.12,1.27), respectively. Differences in metric predictive performances were marginal.DiscussionThis is the first study to identify positive associations between waist circumference-years and cancer. Waist circumference-years did not provide additional information on cancer risk beyond that of WC and BMI. BMI is routinely measured in clinic so it may be preferred over WC.
| S-EPMC11554801 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The associations between visceral adiposity index (VAI), body shape index and diabetes in adults were inconsistent. We assessed the predictive capacity of VAI and body shape index for diabetes by comparing them with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). We used the data of 5838 Chinese men and women aged ≥18 years from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the independent associations between Chinese VAI (CVAI) or body shape index and diabetes. The predictive power of the two indices was assessed using the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and compared with those of BMI and WC. Both CVAI and body shape index were positively associated with diabetes. The odds ratios for diabetes were 4.9 (2.9-8.1) and 1.8 (1.2-2.8) in men, and 14.2 (5.3-38.2) and 2.0 (1.3-3.1) in women for the highest quartile of CVAI and body shape index, respectively. The area under the ROC (AUC) and Youden index for CVAI was the highest among all four obesity indicators, whereas BMI and WC are better indicators for diabetes screening. Higher CVAI and body shape index scores are independently associated with diabetes risk. CVAI has a higher overall diabetes diagnostic ability than BMI, WC and body shape index in Chinese adults. BMI and WC, however, are more appealing as screening indicators considering their easy use.
| S-EPMC6683101 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThis study investigated the association between obesity, assessed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and pre-frailty/frailty among older adults over 21 years of follow-up.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingPopulation-based study among community-dwelling adults in Tromsø municipality, Norway.Participants2340 women and 2169 men aged ≥45 years attending the Tromsø study in 1994-1995 (Tromsø4) and 2015-2016 (Tromsø7), with additional BMI and WC measurements in 2001 (Tromsø5) and 2007-2008 (Tromsø6).Primary outcome measurePhysical frailty was defined as the presence of three or more and pre-frailty as the presence of one to two of the five frailty components suggested by Fried et al: low grip strength, slow walking speed, exhaustion, unintentional weight loss and low physical activity.ResultsParticipants with baseline obesity (adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.93 to 3.02), assessed by BMI, were more likely to be pre-frail/frail than those with normal BMI. Participants with high (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.59 to 2.87) or moderately high (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.03) baseline WC were more likely to be pre-frail/frail than those with normal WC. Those at baseline with normal BMI but moderately high/high WC or overweight with normal WC had no significantly increased odds for pre-frailty/frailty. However, those with both obesity and moderately high/high WC had increased odds of pre-frailty/frailty. Higher odds of pre-frailty/frailty were observed among those in 'overweight to obesity' or 'increasing obesity' trajectories than those with stable normal BMI. Compared with participants in a stable normal WC trajectory, those with high WC throughout follow-up were more likely to be pre-frail/frail.ConclusionBoth general and abdominal obesity, especially over time during adulthood, is associated with an increased risk of pre-frailty/frailty in later years. Thus maintaining normal BMI and WC throughout adult life is important.
| S-EPMC9896186 | biostudies-literature