Dataset Information

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Clinical Features of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Japan.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Mitigation measures implemented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remarkably reduced the incidence of infectious diseases among children. However, a re-emergence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was observed in 2021 in Japan. We compared the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with RSV infection before and during COVID-19.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled children aged <6 years who were hospitalized with RSV infection in 18 hospitals and compared their clinical characteristics before (January 2019 to April 2020, 1675 patients) and during COVID-19 (September 2020 to December 2021, 1297 patients).

Results

The mean age of patients with RSV infection was significantly higher during COVID-19 than before (17.4 vs 13.7 months, P < .001). Compared with before COVID-19, a 2.6-fold increase in RSV cases in the 2-5 years age group was observed from sentinel surveillance during COVID-19, whereas a 1.2-fold increase was noted in the same age group among hospitalized patients. On average for all patients, consolidation shadows obtained on radiography were less frequently observed (26.1 vs 29.6%, P = .04), and reduced respiratory assistance (42.2% vs 48.7%, P < .001) and hospitalization stay (5.7 vs 6.0 days, P < .001) was required in patients with RSV infection during COVID-19.

Conclusions

Coronavirus disease 2019 and social activity restriction caused epidemiological changes in pediatric RSV infections, and a majority of patients with RSV infection aged ≥2 years did not develop severe symptoms requiring hospitalization. The RSV symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak were equivalent to or milder than in the previous seasons.

SUBMITTER: Ozeki S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9620303 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Clinical Features of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Japan.

Ozeki Shoko S Kawada Jun-Ichi JI Yamashita Daiki D Yasufuku Chika C Akano Takuya T Kato Masahiro M Suzuki Konomi K Tano Chihiro C Matsumoto Kazuki K Mizutani Shu-Hei SH Mori Ayumi A Nishio Nobuhiro N Kidokoro Hiroyuki H Yasui Yoshihiro Y Takahashi Yoshiyuki Y Sato Yoshiaki Y

Open forum infectious diseases 20221022 11

<h4>Background</h4>Mitigation measures implemented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remarkably reduced the incidence of infectious diseases among children. However, a re-emergence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was observed in 2021 in Japan. We compared the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with RSV infection before and during COVID-19.<h4>Methods</h4>We retrospectively enrolled children aged <6 years who were hospitalized with RSV infection ...[more]

PMID: 36381619

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Project description:ObjectivesWhile most pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 cases are not life threatening, some children have severe disease requiring emergent resuscitative interventions. Resuscitation events present risks to healthcare provider safety and the potential for compromised patient care. Current resuscitation practices and policies for children with suspected/confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 are unknown.DesignMulti-institutional survey regarding inpatient resuscitation practices during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.SettingInternet-based survey.SubjectsU.S. PICU representatives (one per institution) involved in resuscitation system planning and oversight.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsOf 130 institutions surveyed, 78 (60%) responded. Forty-eight centers (62%) had admitted coronavirus disease 2019 patients; 26 (33%) reported code team activation for patients with suspected/confirmed coronavirus disease 2019. Sixty-seven respondents (86%) implemented changes to inpatient emergency response systems. The most common changes were as follows: limited number of personnel entering patient rooms (75; 96%), limited resident involvement (71; 91%), and new or refined team roles (74; 95%). New or adapted technology is being used for coronavirus disease 2019 resuscitations in 58 centers (74%). Most institutions (57; 73%) are using enhanced personal protective equipment for all coronavirus disease 2019 resuscitation events; 18 (23%) have personal protective equipment policies dependent on the performance of aerosol generating procedures. Due to coronavirus disease 2019, most respondents are intubating earlier during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (56; 72%), utilizing video laryngoscopy (67; 86%), pausing chest compressions during laryngoscopy (56; 72%), and leaving patients connected to the ventilator during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (56; 72%). Responses were varied regarding airway personnel, prone cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ventilation strategy during cardiopulmonary resuscitation without an airway in place, and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Most institutions (46; 59%) do not have policies regarding limitations of resuscitation efforts in coronavirus disease 2019 patients.ConclusionsMost U.S. pediatric institutions rapidly adapted their resuscitation systems and practices in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Changes were commonly related to team members and roles, personal protective equipment, and airway and breathing management, reflecting attempts to balance quality resuscitation with healthcare provider safety.

Dataset Information

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Clinical Features of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Japan.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Clinical Features of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Japan.

Similar Datasets

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