Dataset Information

Predictors of high-flow nasal cannula failure in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has gained popularity recently and is considered a standard respiratory support tool for pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress. However, data are limited on the bedside parameters that can predict HFNC failure in pediatric patients.

Purpose

To evaluate the performance of SpO2/FiO2 (SF) ratio, pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation (pROX) index, and clinical respiratory score (CRS), for predicting the HFNC outcomes.

Methods

This prospective observational study included 1- month to 15-year-old patients with acute respiratory distress who required HFNC support. The HFNC setting, vital signs, CRS, and treatment outcomes were recorded. Data were analyzed to determine the predictors of HFNC failure.

Results

Eighty-two children participated in the study, 16 of whom (19.5%) did not respond to HFNC treatment (failure group). Pneumonia was the main reason for intubation (62.5%). Predictors of HFNC failure at 12 hours were: SF index ≤166 (sensitivity, 62.5%; specificity, 87.8%; area under the curve [AUC], 0.75), pROX index <132 (sensitivity, 68.7%; specificity, 84.8%; AUC, 0.77), and CRS ≥6 (sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 96.9%; AUC, 0.92).

Conclusion

The CRS was the most accurate predictor of HFNC failure in pediatric patients. A CRS ≥ 6 at 12 hours after HFNC initiation and pROX, a newly modified parameter, are helpful indicators of HFNC failure.

SUBMITTER: Saelim K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9742760 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Predictors of high-flow nasal cannula failure in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress.

Saelim Kantara K Thirapaleka Busawan B Ruangnapa Kanokpan K Prasertsan Pharsai P Anuntaseree Wanaporn W

Clinical and experimental pediatrics 20221101 12

<h4>Background</h4>Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has gained popularity recently and is considered a standard respiratory support tool for pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress. However, data are limited on the bedside parameters that can predict HFNC failure in pediatric patients.<h4>Purpose</h4>To evaluate the performance of SpO2/FiO2 (SF) ratio, pediatric respiratory rate-oxygenation (pROX) index, and clinical respiratory score (CRS), for predicting the HFNC out ...[more]

PMID: 36457201

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Project description:BackgroundAlthough the efficacy and safety of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in hypoxemic respiratory failure are widely recognized, it is yet unclear whether HFNC can effectively reduce the intubation rate and mortality in hypercapnic respiratory failure. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the safety and efficiency of HFNC in these patients.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) was carried out. Two reviewers independently screened all references according to the inclusion criteria. We used the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies, respectively. Data from eligible trials were extracted for the meta-analysis.ResultsEight studies with a total of 621 participants were included (six RCTs and two cohort studies). Our analysis showed that HFNC is noninferior to noninvasive ventilation (NIV) with respect to intubation rate in both RCTs (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.45-1.88) and cohort studies (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.55-1.62). Similarly, the analysis of cohort studies showed no difference in reducing mortality rates (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.42-2.20). Based on RCTs, NIV seemed more effective in reducing mortality (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.68-2.60), but the intertreatment difference was not statistically signiﬁcant. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between HFNC and NIV relating to change of blood gas analysis or respiratory rate (MD = -0.75, 95% CI: -2.6 to 1.09). Likewise, no significant intergroup differences were found with regard to intensive care unit stay (SMD = -0.07, 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.11). Due to a physiological friendly interface and variation, HFNC showed a significant advantage over NIV in patients' comfort and complication of therapy.ConclusionDespite the limitations noted, HFNC may be an effective and safe alternative to prevent endotracheal intubation and mortality when NIV is unsuitable in mild-to-moderate hypercapnia. Further high-quality studies are needed to validate these findings.

Project description:BackgroundsHigh flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an alternative therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed first to describe outcomes of patients suffering from COVID-19-related ARDS treated with HFNC; secondly to evaluate safety of HFNC (patients and healthcare workers) and compare patients according to respiratory outcome.MethodsA retrospective cohort was conducted in French general hospital intensive care unit (ICU). Patients were included if receiving HFNC for hypoxemia (saturation pulse oxygen (SpO2) <92% under oxygen ⩾6 L/min) associated with ARDS and positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Main clinical characteristics and outcomes are described in patients: (a) with do not intubate order (HFNC-DNIO); (b) who did not need intubation (HFNC-only); and (c) eventually intubated (HFNC-intubation). Medians are presented with (1st-3rd) interquartile range.ResultsFrom 26 February to 30 June 2020, 46 patients of median age 75 (70-79) years were included. In the HFNC-DNIO group (n = 11), partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2)/inhaled fraction of oxygen (FiO2) ratio median worst PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 109 (102-172) and hospital mortality was 54.5%. Except the HFNC-DNIO patients (n = 35), 20 patients (57%) were eventually intubated (HFNC-intubation group) and 15 were only treated by HFNC (HFNC-only). HFNC-intubation patients presented higher worst respiratory rates per minute in ICU [37 (34-41) versus 33 (24-34) min, p < 0.05] and worsened ICU admission PaO2/FiO2 ratios [121 (103-169) versus 191 (162-219), p < 0.001] compared with HFNC-only patients. Hospital mortality was 35% (n = 7/20) in HFNC-intubation group, 0% in HFNC-only group with a global mortality of these two groups of 20% (n = 7/35). Among tests performed in healthcare workers, 1/12 PCR in symptomatic healthcare workers and 1.8% serologies in asymptomatic healthcare workers were positive. After review of each case, COVID-19 was likely to be acquired outside hospital.ConclusionsHFNC seems to be useful for COVID-19-related ARDS and safe for healthcare workers. ARDS severity with PaO2/FiO2 <150 associated with respiratory rate >35/min could be regarded as a predictor of intubation.The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

Dataset Information

Predictors of high-flow nasal cannula failure in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress.

Background

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Predictors of high-flow nasal cannula failure in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress.

Similar Datasets

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