Dataset Information

Facial Emotion Recognition Deficit in Children with Moderate/Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

ABSTRACT: Although previous studies have reported a facial expression classification deficit among adults with SDB, we do not know whether these findings can be generalized to children. In our study, children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) were divided into three groups: primary snoring (n = 51), mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (n = 39), and moderate/severe OSA (n = 26). All participants, including 20 healthy controls, underwent an overnight polysomnography recording and the Emotional Expression Recognition Task. Psychosocial problems were evaluated using the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). There was a borderline significant interaction between expression category and group on reaction times. Further analysis revealed that positive classification advantage (PCA) disappeared in the moderate/severe OSA group, whereas it persisted in the control, primary snoring, and mild OSA groups. Emotional symptoms were positively correlated with OAHI. In both the happy and sad conditions, RT was negatively related to age and body mass index (BMI) but was independent of the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI), arterial oxygen (SaO₂) and total sleep time. The accuracy of identifying a sad expression was negatively related to conduct problems. Children with moderate/severe OSA exhibited dysfunction in facial expression categorization, which could potentially affect social communication ability.

SUBMITTER: Zhao FJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9776404 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Facial Emotion Recognition Deficit in Children with Moderate/Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Zhao Fu-Jun FJ Chen Qing-Wei QW Wu Yunxiao Y Xie Xiaohong X Xu Zhifei Z Ni Xin X

Brain sciences 20221208 12

Although previous studies have reported a facial expression classification deficit among adults with SDB, we do not know whether these findings can be generalized to children. In our study, children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) were divided into three groups: primary snoring (n = 51), mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (n = 39), and moderate/severe OSA (n = 26). All participants, including 20 healthy controls, underwent an overnight polysomnography recording and the ...[more]

PMID: 36552148

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Project description:BackgroundObesity is strongly associated with prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and weight loss has been shown to reduce disease severity.ObjectiveTo investigate whether liraglutide 3.0 mg reduces OSA severity compared with placebo using the primary end point of change in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) after 32 weeks. Liraglutide's weight loss efficacy was also examined.Subjects/methodsIn this randomized, double-blind trial, non-diabetic participants with obesity who had moderate (AHI 15-29.9 events h(-1)) or severe (AHI ⩾30 events h(-1)) OSA and were unwilling/unable to use continuous positive airway pressure therapy were randomized for 32 weeks to liraglutide 3.0 mg (n=180) or placebo (n=179), both as adjunct to diet (500 kcal day(-1) deficit) and exercise. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups (mean age 48.5 years, males 71.9%, AHI 49.2 events h(-1), severe OSA 67.1%, body weight 117.6 kg, body mass index 39.1 kg m(-2), prediabetes 63.2%, HbA1c 5.7%).ResultsAfter 32 weeks, the mean reduction in AHI was greater with liraglutide than with placebo (-12.2 vs -6.1 events h(-1), estimated treatment difference: -6.1 events h(-1) (95% confidence interval (CI), -11.0 to -1.2), P=0.0150). Liraglutide produced greater mean percentage weight loss compared with placebo (-5.7% vs -1.6%, estimated treatment difference: -4.2% (95% CI, -5.2 to -3.1%), P<0.0001). A statistically significant association between the degree of weight loss and improvement in OSA end points (P<0.01, all) was demonstrated post hoc. Greater reductions in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were seen with liraglutide versus placebo (both P<0.001). The safety profile of liraglutide 3.0 mg was similar to that seen with doses ⩽1.8 mg.ConclusionsAs an adjunct to diet and exercise, liraglutide 3.0 mg was generally well tolerated and produced significantly greater reductions than placebo in AHI, body weight, SBP and HbA1c in participants with obesity and moderate/severe OSA. The results confirm that weight loss improves OSA-related parameters.

Project description:Background and purposePrevious studies have found that abnormal local spontaneous brain activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was associated with cognitive impairment, and dynamic functional connections can capture the time changes of functional connections during magnetic resonance imaging acquisition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic characteristics of regional brain connectivity and its relationship with cognitive function in patients with OSA and to explore whether the dynamic changes can be used to distinguish them from healthy controls (HCs).MethodsSeventy-nine moderate and severe male OSA patients without any treatment and 84 HCs with similar age and education were recruited, and clinical data and resting functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected. The dynamic regional homogeneity (dReHo) was calculated using a sliding window technique, and a double-sample t-test was used to test the difference in the dReHo map between OSA patients and HCs. We explored the relationship between dReHo and clinical and cognitive function in OSA patients using Pearson correlation analysis. A support vector machine was used to classify the OSA patients and HCs based on abnormal dReHo.ResultCompared with HCs, OSA patients exhibited higher dReHo values in the right medial frontal gyrus and significantly lower dReHo values in the right putamen, right superior temporal gyrus, right cingulate gyrus, left insula and left precuneus. The correlation analysis showed that the abnormal dReHo values in multiple brain regions in patients with OSA were significantly correlated with nadir oxygen saturation, the oxygen depletion index, sleep period time, and Montreal cognitive assessment score. The support vector machine classification accuracy based on the dReHo difference in brain regions was 81.60%, precision was 81.01%, sensitivity was 81.01%, specificity was 82.14%, and area under the curve was 0.89.ConclusionThe results of this study suggested that there was abnormal dynamic regional spontaneous brain activity in patients with OSA, which was related to clinical and cognitive evaluation and can be used to distinguish OSA patients from HCs. The dReHo is a potential objective neuroimaging marker for patients with OSA that can further the understanding of the neuropathological mechanism of patients with OSA.

Dataset Information

Facial Emotion Recognition Deficit in Children with Moderate/Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Publications

Facial Emotion Recognition Deficit in Children with Moderate/Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

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