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Exploring the Promotive Effects and Mechanisms of Different Polyphenolic Extracts from Prinsepia utilis Royle Seed Shell on Tyrosinase.

ABSTRACT: Prinsepia utilis Royle (P. utilis) is commonly used as a food ingredient and herbal medicine according to folk records, yet little research has been done on the seed shell, a processing waste. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of polyphenolic components and the tyrosinase activation activity of different extracts from the seed shell by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS, in vitro tyrosinase activity assay, molecular docking and molecular dynamics. A total of 16 phytochemicals were identified, of which (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were the major polyphenolic compounds. Both the esterified and insoluble bound polyphenols exhibited tyrosinase activation activity, and the esterified polyphenols showed better tyrosinase activation activity. (+)-Catechin and (-)-epicatechin might be the main activators of tyrosinase, both of which may act as substrate to affect tyrosinase activity. By molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin can be efficiently and stably bound to the tyrosinase active site through hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces and π-bonds. The results of this study may not only provide a scientific basis for exploring P. utilis seed shell as a potential activator of tyrosinase, but also contribute to the high value utilization of P. utilis processing by-products.

SUBMITTER: Ma S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9777575 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Exploring the Promotive Effects and Mechanisms of Different Polyphenolic Extracts from Prinsepia utilis Royle Seed Shell on Tyrosinase.

Ma Shuang S Zheng Xiuqing X Zhang Yuanyue Y Zhao Shuai S Yi Junjie J Cai Shengbao S

Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 20221212 24

Prinsepia utilis Royle (P. utilis) is commonly used as a food ingredient and herbal medicine according to folk records, yet little research has been done on the seed shell, a processing waste. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of polyphenolic components and the tyrosinase activation activity of different extracts from the seed shell by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS, in vitro tyrosinase activity assay, molecular docking and molecular dynamics. A total of 16 phytochemical ...[more]

PMID: 36553757

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Project description:Our study was designed to screen the antibacterial potency of Princepia utilis leaf and seed extract and to measure their antioxidant effects, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and total carbohydrate content. Collected samples were extracted by cold maceration. Hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and distilled water were used as extraction solvents. In the disc diffusion method, P. utilis ethyl acetate leaf extract was most prominent against Staphylococcus epidermis with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 13.83 mm. Similarly, methanolic leaf extract was most prominent against Staphylococcus aureus (ZOI-12.33 mm). Furthermore, the methanolic seed extract was most sensitive against Klebsiella pneumoniaee (ZOI-11.66 mm) Escherichia coli (ZOI-9.0 mm). The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 0.5 mg/mL and 0.6 mg/mL, respectively, were shown by ethyl acetate leaf extract against S. epidermis. Similarly, the highest values of MIC and MBC, i.e., 20.8 mg/mL and 33.3 mg/mL, respectively, were shown by hexane leaf extract against S. epidermidis. On the other hand, evaluation of antioxidant capacity revealed that ethyl acetate leaf extract showed the maximum antioxidant effect (IC50: 66.69 μg/mL). The total flavonoid contents of different extracts were measured in the range of 37 ± 0.74 μg QE/mg dry extract weight (methanolic seed extract) to 321.84 ± 4.82 μg QE/mg dry extract weight (hexane seed extract). Likewise, the total polyphenol content ranged from the hexane leaf extract (17.33 ± 0.642 μg GAE/mg dry extract weight) to ethyl acetate leaf extract (62.56 ± 1.284 μg GAE/mg dry extract weight). We found a variation in total carbohydrate content in the range of 23.55 ± 1.125 μg glucose/mg dry extract weight (hexane leaf extract) to 96.63 ± 2.253 μg glucose/mg dry extract weight (aqueous leaf extract). Overall, this study revealed that leaf and seed extract of P. utilis exhibited noteworthy antibacterial effects against diverse pathogenic microorganisms.

Project description:Oxidative stress is among the major triggers for many important human functional disorders, which often lead to various metabolic or tissue diseases. The aim of the study is to obtain five standardized vegetal extracts (Cynarae extractum-CE, Rosmarini extractum-RE, Taraxaci extractum-TE, Cichorii extractum-CHE, and Agrimoniae extractum-AE) that contain active principles with an essential role in protecting liver cells against free radicals and quantify their antioxidant actions. The compounds of therapeutic interest from the analyzed extracts were identified and quantified using the UHPLC-HRMS/MS technique. Thus, the resulting identified compounds were 28 compounds in CE, 48 compounds in RE, 39 compounds in TE, 43 compounds in CHE, and 31 compounds in AE. These compounds belong to the class of flavonoids, isoflavones, phenolic acids and dicarboxylic acids, depsides, diterpenes, triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, proanthocyanidins, or coumarin derivatives. From the major polyphenolic compounds quantified in all the extracts analyzed by UHPLC-HRMS/MS, considerable amounts have been found for chlorogenic acid (619.8 µg/g extract for TE-2032.4 µg/g extract for AE), rutoside (105.1 µg/g extract for RE-1724.7 µg/g extract for AE), kaempferol (243 µg/g extract for CHE-2028.4 µg/g extract for CE), and for naringenin (383 µg/g extract for CHE-1375.8 µg/g extract for AE). The quantitative chemical analysis showed the highest content of total phenolic acids for AE (24.1528 ± 1.1936 g chlorogenic acid/100 g dry extract), the highest concentration of flavones for RE (6.0847 ± 0.3025 g rutoside/100 g dry extract), and the richest extract in total polyphenols with 31.7017 ± 1.2211 g tannic acid equivalent/100 g dry extract for AE. Several methods (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) have been used to determine the in vitro total antioxidant activity of the extracts to evaluate their free radical scavenging ability, influenced by the identified compounds. As a result, the correlation between the content of the polyphenolic compounds and the antioxidant effect of the extracts has been demonstrated. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing the antiradical capacity within the study groups. Although all the analyzed extracts showed good IC50 values, which may explain their antihepatotoxic effects, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained for Agrimoniae extractum (IC50ABTS = 0.0147 mg/mL) and the lowest antioxidant activity was obtained for Cynarae extractum (IC50ABTS = 0.1588 mg/mL). Furthermore, the hepatoprotective potential was evaluated in silico by predicting the interactions between the determined phytochemicals and key molecular targets relevant to liver disease pathophysiology. Finally, the evaluation of the pharmacognostic and phytochemical properties of the studied extracts validates their use as adjuvants in phytotherapy, as they reduce oxidative stress and toxin accumulation and thus exert a hepatoprotective effect at the cellular level.

Dataset Information

Exploring the Promotive Effects and Mechanisms of Different Polyphenolic Extracts from Prinsepia utilis Royle Seed Shell on Tyrosinase.

Publications

Exploring the Promotive Effects and Mechanisms of Different Polyphenolic Extracts from <i>Prinsepia utilis</i> Royle Seed Shell on Tyrosinase.

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