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Augmented humoral and cellular immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 after breakthrough infection in kidney transplant recipients who received 3 doses of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine.


ABSTRACT: Diminished immune response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and breakthrough infection (BI) is a major concern for solid organ transplant recipients. Humoral and cellular immune responses of kidney transplant (KT) recipients after a third COVID-19 vaccination were investigated compared to matched health care workers. Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein antibody and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 specific interferon-gamma releasing assay (IGRA) were assessed. A total of 38 KT recipients, including 20 BI and 18 noninfection, were evaluated. In the KT BI group, antibody titers were significantly increased (median 5 to 724, binding antibody units/mL (P = 0.002) after the third vaccination, but IGRA responses were negligible. After BI, antibody titers increased (median 11 355 binding antibody unit/mL; P < 0.001) and there was a significant increase of IGRA responses to spike proteins (Spike1-Nil, median 0.05 to 0.41 IU/mL; P = 0.009). Antibody titers and IGRA responses were significantly higher in the BI than in the noninfection group after 6 months. Immune responses were stronger in the health care worker than in the KT cohort, but the gap became narrower after BI. In conclusion, KT recipients who experienced BI after 3 COVID-19 vaccinations acquired augmented humoral and cellular immune responses.

SUBMITTER: Yang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9807455 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Augmented humoral and cellular immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 after breakthrough infection in kidney transplant recipients who received 3 doses of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine.

Yang Jinyoung J   Lee Kyo Won KW   Baek Jin Yang JY   Bae Seongman S   Lee Young Ho YH   Kim Haein H   Huh Kyungmin K   Cho Sun Young SY   Kang Cheol-In CI   Chung Doo Ryeon DR   Peck Kyong Ran KR   Park Jae Berm JB   Kim Sung-Han SH   Kim Tae-Jong TJ   Kim Dong-Min DM   Ko Jae-Hoon JH  

American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons 20230103 4


Diminished immune response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and breakthrough infection (BI) is a major concern for solid organ transplant recipients. Humoral and cellular immune responses of kidney transplant (KT) recipients after a third COVID-19 vaccination were investigated compared to matched health care workers. Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein antibody and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 specific interferon-gamma releasing as  ...[more]

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