Perspectives on salivary cytokines as noninvasive biomarkers for monitoring disease activity and therapeutic response of oral lichen planus.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Liu W
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9831815 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Perspectives on salivary cytokines as noninvasive biomarkers for monitoring disease activity and therapeutic response of oral lichen planus.
Liu Wei W Chen Junjun J Du Guanhuan G
Journal of dental sciences 20220826 1
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Project description:Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic Th1-mediated inflammatory mucocutaneous disease of the skin and oral mucosa that can have various clinical presentations. Lesions are usually bilateral and often painful. While cutaneous Lichen Planus (LP) lesions are self-limiting, the oral lesions are chronic and rarely remissive. The diagnosis of oral lichen planus (OLP) is often challenging, and confirmation by histopathological criterion is generally advised. The aim of our study was to identify the cytokines present in OLP-suggestive lesions and in non-specific inflammatory lesions (NSIL) used as controls. Moreover, assess cytokines protein levels and oral microbiota composition in whole saliva samples. Histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry and gene expression were used as techniques to analyze the oral mucosal tissue samples. ELISA was conducted to analyze salivary cytokine levels and 16S rRNA sequencing was used to determine the salivary microbiome. As a result we observed larger number of infiltrated lymphocytes (p = 0.025), as well, more T CD4 lymphocytes in the epithelial tissue (p = 0.006) in OLP samples compared to NSIL. In addition, the OLP samples displayed more apoptotic cells compared to NSIL (p = 0.047). Regarding the cytokine analysis, IFN-γ and IL-33 were more expressed in OLP lesions than in NSIL samples (p < 0.001; p = 0.026). Furthermore, our results demonstrated higher levels of IFN-γ protein expression in the saliva of OLP group compared to controls (p = 0.0156). We also observed noted differences in the oral microbiota composition between OLP and NSIL saliva samples. In conclusion, OLP lesions presented larger numbers of apoptotic and inflammatory cells, higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-33 compared to NSIL, and these lesions also differ regarding oral microbiota composition. These results are consistent with the Th-1-mediated chronic inflammation nature of oral lichen planus investigated lesions and displayed unique features that could be used as a diagnostic tool.
| S-EPMC6889227 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundInflammatory cytokines have long been considered closely related to the development of oral lichen planus (OLP), and we further explored the causal relationship between the two by Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsWe performed bidirectional MR analyses by large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The data included a large-scale OLP dataset, as well as datasets of 41 inflammatory cytokines. All data were obtained from the University of Bristol database, which includes 41 inflammatory cytokines, and the GWAS Catalog database, which includes 91 inflammatory cytokines. OLP data were obtained from the Finngen database, which includes 6411 cases and 405770 healthy controls. We used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger method, weighted median method, simple mode method and weighted mode method to analyze the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and OLP, and we also combined with sensitivity analysis to further verify the robustness of the results. We performed a meta-analysis of positive or potentially positive results for the same genes to confirm the reliability of the final results.ResultsWe primarily used the IVW analysis method, corrected using the Benjamin Hochberg (BH) method. When p<0.00038 (0.05/132), the results are significantly causal; when 0.00038<p<0.05, the results are potentially causal. We found a total of 7 inflammatory cytokines with significant or potential associations with OLP (University of Bristol database: 2, GWAS Catalog database: 5). In the reverse analysis, we found that a total of 30 inflammatory cytokines were significantly or potentially associated with OLP (University of Bristol database: 5, GWAS Catalog database: 25). After sensitivity analysis and meta-analysis, we finally determined that there was a causal relationship between a total of 3 inflammatory cytokines and OLP in the forward analysis, the most significant of which was FGF21 (p=0.02954, odds ratio (OR): 1.113, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.011-1.226). In the reverse analysis, 14 inflammatory cytokines were causally associated with OLP, the most significant of which was PLAU (p=0.00002, OR: 0.951, 95%CI: 0.930-0.973).ConclusionThere is a causal association between OLP and some inflammatory cytokines, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP and require further attention.
| S-EPMC10883046 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa with an unknown etiology. The role of oral microbes in the development of OLP has gained researchers' interest. In this review, we summarized the findings of studies focused on the relationship between OLP and oral microbiome, which includes the composition of oral microbiota, molecules produced by oral microbiota or the host, and the oral environment of the host. According to the studies, the oral microbial community in OLP patients undergoes dysbiosis, and the microbial dysbiosis in OLP patients is more prominent in the buccal mucosa than in the saliva. However, no same microorganisms have been suggested to be associated with OLP in multiple investigations, implying that the functional aspects of the oral microbiota are more important in OLP development than the composition of the oral microbiota. According to studies on host factors that make up the oral environment, signal pathways involved in cellular processes, such as keratinization, inflammation, and T cell responses are triggered in OLP. Studies on the functional aspects of the oral microbiota, as well as interactions between the host and the oral microbiota, are still lacking, and more research is required.
| S-EPMC9138428 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2015-04-30 | E-GEOD-68408 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2015-04-30 | GSE68408 | GEO
Project description:ObjectivesOral lichen planus (OLP) is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. Many OLP patients complain of xerostomia, and studies are still ongoing to find the reason for this manifestation. Aquaporin 5 has been expressed in salivary glands, and its physiological significance in transferring water as transcellular is properly identified. In this study, for the first time, we have investigated the serum and salivary levels of aquaporin 5 (as a salivary gland biomarker) in oral lichen planus patients with xerostomia.Material and methodsThirty patients with OLP and xerostomia and 30 healthy individuals were chosen. The flow of stimulatory and non-stimulatory saliva was calculated, and the serums, in addition to salivary levels of aquaporin 5, were determined.ResultsThe level of Aquaporin 5 in serum and its output in stimulatory, and non-stimulatory saliva were significantly decreased, the stimulatory and non-stimulatory saliva flow was reduced, and the degree of xerostomia was significantly higher in the OLP group.ConclusionsAquaporin 5 is implicated in OLP patients in several ways such as impaired salivary functioning, xerostomia or dry mouth, diminished repair ability of the mucosal lesion, increased apoptosis, and probable carcinogenesis in this premalignant lesion.
| S-EPMC11917382 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Several studies have explored the origin and development mechanism of oral lichen planus (OLP) with limited attention to the role of bacteria in the progression of this common oral disease. Here we utilized MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons to identify complex oral microbiota associated with OLP from saliva samples of two subtypes (reticular and erosive) of OLP patients and healthy controls. Our analyses indicated that the overall structure of the salivary microbiome was not significantly affected by disease status. However, we did observe evident variations in abundance for several taxonomic groups in OLP. Porphyromonas and Solobacterium showed significantly higher relative abundances, whereas Haemophilus, Corynebacterium, Cellulosimicrobium and Campylobacter showed lower abundances in OLP patients, as compared with healthy controls. In addition, we explored specific microbial co-occurrence patterns in OLP, and revealed significantly fewer linkers of Streptococcus comprising species in erosive OLP. Furthermore, the disease severity and immune dysregulation were also genus-associated, including with Porphyromonas that correlated to disease scores and salivary levels of interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-23. Overall, this study provides a general description of oral microbiome in OLP, and it will be useful for further investigation of their potential roles in the initiation and immune modulation of OLP.
| S-EPMC4785528 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this study, we compared microRNA (miRNA) profiles of salivary exosomes of patients with oral lichen planus with those of healthy controls. Saliva samples from 16 patients with oral lichen planus and 8 healthy controls were divided into 2 sets and were examined by performing miRNA microarray analysis. Examination of 8 oral lichen planus patients and 4 healthy controls. Each patient and control represent pooled RNAs from salivary exosomes of 8 patients and 4 healthy controls, respectively. Please note that each set (i.e. set1 and set2) was analysed independently.
2015-04-30 | E-GEOD-68407 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study, we compared microRNA (miRNA) profiles of salivary exosomes of patients with oral lichen planus with those of healthy controls. Saliva samples from 16 patients with oral lichen planus and 8 healthy controls were divided into 2 sets and were examined by performing miRNA microarray analysis. Examination of 8 oral lichen planus patients and 4 healthy controls. Each patient and control represent pooled RNAs from salivary exosomes of 8 patients and 4 healthy controls, respectively. Please note that each set (i.e. set1 and set2) was analysed independently.
2015-04-30 | E-GEOD-68406 | biostudies-arrayexpress