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Biofilm formation and flocculation potential analysis of halotolerant Bacillus tequilensis and its inoculation in soil to mitigate salinity stress of chickpea.

ABSTRACT: Application of beneficial microbes in soil is an important avenue to control plant stresses. In this study, the salinity tolerance of halotolerant bacteria (Bacillus tequilensis) was investigated and the bacterium was inoculated in the soil to mitigate salinity stress. The results revealed the highest floc yield and biofilm formation ability of B. tequilensis at 100 mM NaCl concentration. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy depicted the presence of carbohydrates and proteins which binds with sodium ions (Na⁺) and provide tolerance against salinity. Using PCR, plant growth-promoting bacterial genes viz., 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and pyrroloquinoline quinone were successfully amplified from the genome of B. tequilensis. In the saline soil, B. tequilensis was inoculated and chickpea plants were grown. The bacterial strain improved the physiology, biochemistry, and antioxidant enzyme activities of the chickpea plant under salt stress. Plants inoculated with B. tequilensis exhibited higher relative water content, higher photosynthetic pigments, lower levels of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde, and improved enzymatic activity for the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. The findings of this study suggest the sustainable use of B. tequilensis to mitigate the salinity stress of chickpea and other crops. This bacterium not only helps in the alleviation of the toxic effects of salt but also increases plant growth along with a reduction in crop losses due to salinity.

Supplementary information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01280-1.

SUBMITTER: Haroon U

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9981856 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biofilm formation and flocculation potential analysis of halotolerant Bacillus tequilensis and its inoculation in soil to mitigate salinity stress of chickpea.

Haroon Urooj U Munis Muhammad Farooq Hussain MFH Liaquat Fiza F Khizar Maria M Elahi Minhas M Chaudhary Hassan Javed HJ

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology 20230120 2

Application of beneficial microbes in soil is an important avenue to control plant stresses. In this study, the salinity tolerance of halotolerant bacteria (Bacillus tequilensis) was investigated and the bacterium was inoculated in the soil to mitigate salinity stress. The results revealed the highest floc yield and biofilm formation ability of B. tequilensis at 100 mM NaCl concentration. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy depicted the presence of carbohydrates and proteins ...[more]

PMID: 36875729

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Project description:BackgroundSalinity is a major threat to the agriculture industry due to the negative impact of salinity stress on crop productivity. In the present study, we isolated rhizobacteria and evaluated their capacities to promote crop growth under salt stress conditions.ResultsWe isolated rhizospheric bacteria from sand dune flora of Pohang beach, Korea, and screened them for plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits. Among 55 bacterial isolates, 14 produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 10 produced siderophores, and 12 produced extracellular polymeric and phosphate solubilization. Based on these PGP traits, we selected 11 isolates to assess for salinity tolerance. Among them, ALT29 and ALT43 showed the highest tolerance to salinity stress. Next, we tested the culture filtrate of isolates ALT29 and ALT43 for IAA and organic acids to confirm the presence of these PGP products. To investigate the effects of ALT29 and ALT43 on salt tolerance in soybean, we grew seedlings in 0 mM, 80 mM, 160 mM, and 240 mM NaCl treatments, inoculating half with the bacterial isolates. Inoculation with ALT29 and ALT43 significantly increased shoot length (13%), root length (21%), shoot fresh and dry weight (44 and 35%), root fresh and dry weight (9%), chlorophyll content (16-24%), Chl a (8-43%), Chl b (13-46%), and carotenoid (14-39%) content of soybean grown under salt stress. Inoculation with ALT29 and ALT43 also significantly decreased endogenous ABA levels (0.77-fold) and increased endogenous SA contents (6-16%), increased total protein (10-20%) and glutathione contents, and reduced lipid peroxidation (0.8-5-fold), superoxide anion (21-68%), peroxidase (12.14-17.97%), and polyphenol oxidase (11.76-27.06%) contents in soybean under salinity stress. In addition, soybean treated with ALT29 and ALT43 exhibited higher K+ uptake (9.34-67.03%) and reduced Na+ content (2-4.5-fold). Genes involved in salt tolerance, GmFLD19 and GmNARK, were upregulated under NaCl stress; however, significant decreases in GmFLD19 (3-12-fold) and GmNARK (1.8-3.7-fold) expression were observed in bacterial inoculated plants.ConclusionIn conclusion, bacterial isolates ALT29 and ALT43 can mitigate salinity stress and increase plant growth, providing an eco-friendly approach for addressing saline conditions in agricultural production systems.

Dataset Information

Biofilm formation and flocculation potential analysis of halotolerant Bacillus tequilensis and its inoculation in soil to mitigate salinity stress of chickpea.

Supplementary information

Publications

Biofilm formation and flocculation potential analysis of halotolerant <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i> and its inoculation in soil to mitigate salinity stress of chickpea.

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