Gibney as Surgeon-in-Chief: the earlier years, 1887-1900.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Levine DB
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2488170 | biostudies-other | 2006 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
Shared Molecules
Only show the datasets with similarity scores above: 0.5
Threshold
0.5
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC3903942 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Episodic failures of ice-dammed lakes have produced some of the largest floods in history, with disastrous consequences for communities in high mountains1-7. Yet, estimating changes in the activity of ice-dam failures through time remains controversial because of inconsistent regional flood databases. Here, by collating 1,569 ice-dam failures in six major mountain regions, we systematically assess trends in peak discharge, volume, annual timing and source elevation between 1900 and 2021. We show that extreme peak flows and volumes (10 per cent highest) have declined by about an order of magnitude over this period in five of the six regions, whereas median flood discharges have fallen less or have remained unchanged. Ice-dam floods worldwide today originate at higher elevations and happen about six weeks earlier in the year than in 1900. Individual ice-dammed lakes with repeated outbursts show similar negative trends in magnitude and earlier occurrence, although with only moderate correlation to glacier thinning8. We anticipate that ice dams will continue to fail in the near future, even as glaciers thin and recede. Yet widespread deglaciation, projected for nearly all regions by the end of the twenty-first century9, may bring most outburst activity to a halt.
| S-EPMC9946834 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In 1933, for the second time in the history of the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled (R & C), a general surgeon, Eugene Hillhouse Pool, MD, was appointed Surgeon-in-Chief by the Board of Managers of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled. R & C (whose name was changed to the Hospital for Special Surgery in 1940), then the oldest orthopaedic hospital in the country, was losing ground as the leading orthopaedic center in the nation. The R & C Board charged Dr. Pool with the task of recruiting the nation's best orthopaedic surgeon to become the next Surgeon-in-Chief. Phillip D. Wilson, MD, from the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston and the Harvard Medical School was selected and agreed to accept this challenge. He joined the staff of the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled in the spring of 1934 as Director of Surgery and replaced Dr. Pool as Surgeon-in-Chief the next year. It was the time of the Great Depression, which added a heavy financial toll to the daily operations of the hospital. With a clear and courageous vision, Dr. Wilson reorganized the hospital, its staff responsibilities, professional education and care of patients. He established orthopaedic fellowships to support young orthopaedic surgeons interested in conducting research and assisted them with the initiation of their new practices. Recognizing that the treatment of crippling conditions and hernia were becoming separate specialties, one of his first decisions was to restructure the Hernia Department to become the General Surgery Department. His World War I experiences in Europe helped develop his expertise in the fields of fractures, war trauma and amputations, providing a broad foundation in musculoskeletal diseases that was to be beneficial to him in his future role as the leader of R & C.
| S-EPMC2553161 | biostudies-other
Project description:In January 1925, the Board of Managers of the New York Society for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled appointed William Bradley Coley, M.D., age 63, Surgeon-in-Chief of the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled (R & C) to succeed Virgil P. Gibney who submitted his resignation the month before. It would be the first time a general surgeon held that position at the oldest orthopedic hospital in the nation, now known as Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS). Coley had been on staff for 36 years and was world famous for introducing use of toxins to treat malignant tumors, particularly sarcomas. A graduate of Yale College and Harvard Medical College, Coley interned at New York Hospital and was appointed, soon after, to the staff of the New York Cancer Hospital (now Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center) located at that time at 106th Street on the West Side of New York. With his mentor Dr. William Bull, Coley perfected the surgical treatment of hernias at R & C. He was instrumental in raising funds for his alma maters, Yale, Harvard and Memorial Hospital. His crusade in immunology as a method of treatment for malignant tumors later fell out of acceptance in the medical establishment. After his death in 1936, an attempt to revive interest in use of immunotherapy for inoperable malignancies was carried out by his daughter, Helen Coley Nauts, who pursued this objective until her death at age 93 in 2000. Coley's health deteriorated in his later years, and in 1933, he resigned as chief of Bone Tumors at Memorial Hospital and Surgeon-in-Chief at R & C, being succeeded at Ruptured and Crippled as Surgeon-in-Chief by Dr. Eugene H. Pool. William Bradley Coley died of intestinal infarction in 1936 and was buried in Sharon, Connecticut.
| S-EPMC2504278 | biostudies-other
Project description:ObjectiveTo report our experience in the surgical management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a nontransplant center.MethodsWe reviewed the medical charts of patients who underwent surgical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma from 1996 to 2016. The preoperative workup as well as the operative techniques were presented. The postoperative mortality and morbidity were detailed with particular emphasis on long survivals.ResultsForty patients met our inclusion criteria,22 patients (55%) had surgical resection with curative intent. Thirty-day postoperative mortality occurred in three cases (13.6%), four patients had grade II, III Clavien-Dindo complications and only one required re-laparotomy (18%).The median follow up duration was 43.4 months.ConclusionHilar cholangiocarcinoma is a rare disease with complete surgical resection presenting the best chance of cure. In addition to the free resection margins, lymph node involvement and the histological type are the most significant factors of prognosis. Histologic type such as primary lymphoma and papillary carcinoma are associated with better survival outcomes. Portal vein embolization should be considered if extended right hepatectomy is contemplated.
| S-EPMC7840802 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDiagnostic and therapeutic advances have led to much greater awareness of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA). We aimed to characterize changes in the clinical phenotype of patients diagnosed with ATTR-CA over the past 20 years.MethodsThis is a retrospective observational cohort study of all patients referred to the National Amyloidosis Centre (2002-2021) in whom ATTR-CA was a differential diagnosis.ResultsWe identified 2995 patients referred with suspected ATTR-CA, of whom 1967 had a diagnosis of ATTR-CA confirmed. Analysis by 5-year periods revealed an incremental increase in referrals, with higher proportions of patients having been referred after bone scintigraphy and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (2% versus 34% versus 51% versus 55%, chi-square P<0.001). This was accompanied by a greater number of ATTR-CA diagnoses, predominantly of the wild-type nonhereditary form, which is now the most commonly diagnosed form of ATTR-CA (0% versus 54% versus 67% versus 66%, chi-square P<0.001). Over time, the median duration of associated symptoms before diagnosis fell from 36 months between 2002 and 2006 to 12 months between 2017 and 2021 (Mann-Whitney P<0.001), and a greater proportion of patients had early-stage disease at diagnosis across the 5-year periods (National Amyloidosis Centre stage 1: 34% versus 42% versus 44% versus 53%, chi-square P<0.001). This was associated with more favorable echocardiographic parameters of structure and function, including lesser interventricular septal thickness (18.0±3.8 mm versus 17.2±2.6 mm versus 16.9±2.3 mm versus 16.6±2.4 mm, P=0.01) and higher left ventricular ejection fraction (46.0%±8.9% versus 46.8%±11.0% versus 47.8%±11.0% versus 49.5%±11.1%, P<0.001). Mortality decreased progressively during the study period (2007-2011 versus 2012-2016: hazard ratio, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.31-1.89], P<0.001; and 2012-2016 versus 2017-2021: hazard ratio, 1.89 [95% CI, 1.55-2.30], P<0.001). The proportion of patients enrolled into clinical trials and prescribed disease-modifying therapy increased over the 20-year period, but even when censoring at the trial or medication start date, year of diagnosis remained a significant predictor of mortality (2012-2016 versus 2017-2021: hazard ratio, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.03-1.07], P<0.001).ConclusionsThere has been a substantial increase in ATTR-CA diagnoses, with more patients being referred after local advanced cardiac imaging. Patients are now more often diagnosed at an earlier stage of the disease, with substantially lower mortality. These changes may have important implications for initiation and outcome of therapy and urgently need to be factored into clinical trial design.
| S-EPMC9698091 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The degree to which individuals change their lifestyle in response to interventions differs and this variation could affect cardiometabolic health. We examined if changes in dietary intake, physical activity and weight of obese infertile women during the first six months of the LIFEstyle trial were associated with cardiometabolic health 3⁻8 years later (N = 50⁻78). Lifestyle was assessed using questionnaires and weight was measured at baseline, 3 and 6 months after randomization. BMI, blood pressure, body composition, pulse wave velocity, glycemic parameters and lipid profile were assessed 3⁻8 years after randomization. Decreases in savory and sweet snack intake were associated with lower HOMA-IR 3⁻8 years later, but these associations disappeared after adjustment for current lifestyle. No other associations between changes in lifestyle or body weight during the first six months after randomization with cardiovascular health 3⁻8 years later were observed. In conclusion, reductions in snack intake were associated with reduced insulin resistance 3⁻8 years later, but adjustment for current lifestyle reduced these associations. This indicates that changing lifestyle is an important first step, but maintaining this change is needed for improving cardiometabolic health in the long-term.
| S-EPMC6315733 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC2600977 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10050930 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe main objective was to compare suicide rates and their trends across the three UK Armed forces (Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force) from 1900 to 2020. Further objectives were to compare suicide rates with those in the corresponding general population and in UK merchant shipping and to discuss preventative measures.MethodsExamination of annual mortality reports and returns, death inquiry files and official statistics. The main outcome measure was the suicide rate per 100 000 population employed.ResultsSince 1990, there have been significant reductions in suicide rates in each of the Armed Forces, although a non-significant increase in the Army since 2010. Compared with the corresponding general population, during the most recent decade from 2010 up to 2020, suicide rates were 73% lower in the Royal Air Force, 56% lower in the Royal Navy and 43% lower in the Army. Suicide rates have been significantly decreased in the Royal Air Force since the 1950s, in the Royal Navy since the 1970s and in the Army since the 1980s (comparisons for the Royal Navy and the Army were not available from the late 1940s to the 1960s).During the earliest decades from 1900 to the 1930s, suicide rates in the Armed Forces were mostly quite similar or moderately increased compared with the general population, but far lower than in merchant shipping. Following legislative changes in the last 30 years, suicide rates through poisoning by gases and through firearms or explosives have fallen sharply.ConclusionsThe study shows that suicide rates in the Armed Forces have been lower than in the general population over many decades. The sharp reductions in suicide rates over the last 30 years suggest the effectiveness of recent preventative measures, including reductions in access to a method of suicide and well-being initiatives.
| S-EPMC11671895 | biostudies-literature