Project description:Interventions: Detection and diagnosis support for colorectal lesions to doctors by AAE system
1.Standard colonoscopy-first-group: Standard colonoscopy is performed first, followed by colonoscopy under the support of the AAE system
2.AAE-first-group: Colonoscopy under the support of the AAE system is performed first, followed by normal colonoscopy
All colorectal polyps detected in any group are removed;D003113;Artificial Intelligence/Detection and diagnosis support
Primary outcome(s): Adenoma miss rate
Study Design: randomized controlled trial, single blind, no treatment control/standard of care control, parallel assignment, diagnostic purpose
Project description:Interventions: Gold Standard:The diagnosis of the senior pathologist;Index test:The sensitivity and specificity of pathologists when working with and without AI assistance.
Primary outcome(s): Sensitivity;Specificity
Study Design: Diagnostic test for accuracy
Project description:Background: Non-malaria febrile illnesses such as bacterial bloodstream infections (BSI) are a leading cause of disease and mortality in the tropics. However, there are no reliable, simple diagnostic tests for identifying BSI or other severe non-malaria febrile illnesses. We hypothesized that different infectious agents responsible for severe febrile illness would impact on the host metabololome in different ways, and investigated the potential of plasma metabolites for diagnosis of non-malaria febrile illness. </p> Methodology: We conducted a comprehensive mass-spectrometry based metabolomics analysis of the plasma of 61 children with severe febrile illness from a malaria-endemic rural African setting. Metabolite features characteristic for non-malaria febrile illness, BSI, severe anemia and poor clinical outcome were identified by receiver operating curve analysis. </p> Principal Findings: The plasma metabolome profile of malaria and non-malaria patients revealed fundamental differences in host response, including a differential activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. A simple corticosteroid signature was a good classifier of severe malaria and non-malaria febrile patients (AUC 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70-0.93). Patients with BSI were characterized by upregulated plasma bile metabolites; a signature of two bile metabolites was estimated to have a sensitivity of 98.1% (95% CI: 80.2-100) and a specificity of 82.9% (95% CI: 54.7-99.9) to detect BSI in children younger than 5 years. This BSI signature demonstrates that host metabolites can have a superior diagnostic sensitivity compared to pathogen-detecting tests to identify infections characterized by low pathogen load such as BSI. </p> Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential use of plasma metabolites to identify causality in children with severe febrile illness in malaria-endemic settings.
Project description:Primary outcome(s): The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of each modality in diagnosing SM-deep cancer in adenoma and early colorectal caner with non-extension sign as an index for the diagnosis of SM-deep cancer.