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Genome-wide RNA-seq transcriptional analysis of splenocyte responses to Dengue virus infection in WT, Irf3(-/-)×Irf7(-/-) (DKO), Irf3-/-xIrf5-/-xIrf7-/- (TKO), and Ifnar1-/- (AB6) mice.

ABSTRACT: Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors (TFs) that play critical roles in translating viral recognition into antiviral responses, including type I IFN production. Dengue virus (DENV) and other clinically important flaviviruses are controlled by functional type I interferon (IFN) responses. Using an experimental model of DENV infection that recapitulates key aspects of the human disease in mice, we demonstrate that while mice lacking the type I IFN receptor (Ifnar1-/-) succumb to DENV infection, mice that are deficient in IRF-3, IRF-5, and IRF-7 – the three transcription factors thought to regulate type I IFN production – survive DENV challenge. Genome-wide RNA-seq analysis of WT, Irf3(-/-)×Irf7(-/-) (DKO), Irf3-/-xIrf5-/-xIrf7-/- (TKO), and Ifnar1-/- (AB6) splenocytes identified minimal type I IFN production but a robust type II IFN (IFN-γ) response in DKO and TKO mice later shown to be dependent on IRF-1. These results reveal a key role for IRF-1 in antiviral defense by activating both type I and II IFN responses during DENV infection.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE104189 | GEO | 2017/11/07

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA411999

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:We investigated the roles of IRF-3 and IRF-7 in innate antiviral immunity against dengue virus (DENV). Double-deficient Irf-3-/-7-/- mice infected with the DENV2 strain S221 possessed 1,000-150,000 fold higher levels of viral RNA than wild-type and single-deficient mice 24 hours after infection; however, they remained resistant to lethal infection. IFN-α/β was induced similarly in wild-type and Irf-3-/- mice post DENV infection, whereas in the Irf-7-/- and Irf-3-/-7-/- mice, significantly low levels of IFN-α/β expression was observed within 24 hours post-infection. IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) induction was also delayed in Irf-3-/-7-/- mice relative to wild-type and single-deficient mice. In particular, Cxcl10 and Ifnα2 were rapidly induced independently of both IRF-3 and IRF-7 in the Irf-3-/-7-/- mice with DENV infection. Higher levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-6, CXCL10, IL-8, IL-12 p70, and TNF were also observed in Irf-3-/-7-/- mice 24 hours after infection, at which time point viral titers peaked and started to be cleared. Antibody-mediated blockade experiments revealed that IFN-γ, CXCL10, and CXCR3 function to restrict DENV replication in Irf-3-/-7-/- mice. Additionally, the ISGs Cxcl10, Ifit1, Ifit3, and Mx2 can be induced via an IRF-3- and IRF-7-independent pathway that does not involve IFN-γ signaling for protection against DENV. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IRF-3 and IRF-7 are redundant, albeit IRF-7 plays a more important role than IRF-3 in inducing the initial IFN-α/β response; only the combined actions of IRF-3 and IRF-7 are necessary for efficient control of early DENV infection; and the late, IRF-3- and IRF-7-independent pathway contributes to anti-DENV immunity. To identify the antiviral genes that are controlled by IRF-3 and IRF-7 signaling during DENV infection, we examined a panel of ISG expression in the spleens of wild-type, Irf-3-/-, Irf-7-/- and Irf-3-/-7-/- mice at 12 or 24 hours after DENV infection using a quantitative PCR array kit. The fold changes in expression of 55 genes from infected mice were normalized to that of strain-matched naïve mice.

Dataset Information

Genome-wide RNA-seq transcriptional analysis of splenocyte responses to Dengue virus infection in WT, Irf3(-/-)×Irf7(-/-) (DKO), Irf3-/-xIrf5-/-xIrf7-/- (TKO), and Ifnar1-/- (AB6) mice.

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