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Molecular profiling of SV-BR-1-GM, a clinically effective GM-CSF-secreting human breast cancer cell line

ABSTRACT: The SV-BR-1 cell line was derived from a chest wall lesion of a breast cancer patient. SV-BR-1 cells were stably transfected with CSF2 (encoding GM-CSF), resulting in the SV-BR-1-GM cell line. Following irradiation to prevent cell replication, both SV-BR-1 (Wiseman and Kharazi, The Open Breast Cancer Journal, 2010, 2, 4-11) and SV-BR-1-GM (Wiseman and Kharazi, Breast J. 2006 Sep-Oct;12(5):475-80) cells have been applied as whole-cell therapeutics in clinical trial settings for advanced breast cancer. Molecular profiles of non-irradiated SV-BR-1-GM cells have been established from various manufacturing lots via Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip arrays (GPL10558). A key finding from the study is the identification of an immune signature expressed in SV-BR-1-GM cells which includes the MHC class II factors HLA-DMA, HLA-DMB, HLA-DRA, and HLA-DRB3. Since tumor regressions were apparent in clinical trial subjects matching at an HLA-DRB3 allele with SV-BR-1-GM we hypothesize that (partial) HLA matching is needed for maximal tumor-directed clinical responses to occur.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE112239 | GEO | 2018/03/23

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:BACKGROUND: While many authorities theorize that cancer vaccines are too weak to be widely effective, there are quite a few reports with clearly demonstrated, significant clinical benefit in some patients. The literature of cellular cancer immunotherapies shows that 53% (78/147) of phase II studies showed evidence of clinical activity. While not all reached their primary endpoints, 75% (12/16) of phase III studies had positive data. SV-BR-1-GM, derived from a patient with grade 2 (moderately differentiated) breast cancer, is a GM-CSF-secreting breast cancer cell line with properties of antigen-presenting cells we established. METHODS: We report detailed molecular and clinical findings from an open-label phase I, single-arm pilot study in breast (3 subjects) and ovarian (1 subject) cancer with irradiated SV-BR-1-GM cells (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00095862). Inoculations of SV-BR-1-GM were preceded by low-dose cyclophosphamide and followed by injections of interferon-alpha2b into the SV-BR-1-GM inoculation sites. We assessed both cellular (delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions) and humoral (anti-SV-BR-1 antibody) immune responses and conducted molecular analyses on patient blood cells and SV-BR-1-GM cells. RESULTS: Treatment was generally safe and well tolerated. Immune responses were elicited universally. Overall survival was more than 33 months for three of the four patients. As previously reported, one patient (Subject A002, with grade 2 breast cancer) had regression of metastases in lung, breast and soft tissue within 2 months of treatment initiation. At later relapse, with multiple metastases including several in the brain, rapid tumor response was again seen, including complete regression of CNS metastases. Consistent with a role of Class II HLA in contributing to SV-BR-1-GM’s mechanism of action, Subject A002 allele-matched SV-BR-1-GM at the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB3 loci. Only the HLA-DRB1 alleles were clearly expressed in SV-BR-1-GM cells. However, interferon-gamma (possibly also present in situ) upregulated both HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DRB3 to substantial levels. Gene expression data supports the hypothesis that SV-BR-1-GM cells have retained some of the original breast cancer’s grade 2 character. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a whole-cell immunotherapy regimen with remarkable rapidity of response and a speedy rescue response, including complete resolution of CNS metastases after relapse. Class II HLA matches might be critical for SV-BR-1-GM’s therapeutic potential.

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Molecular profiling of SV-BR-1-GM, a clinically effective GM-CSF-secreting human breast cancer cell line

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