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Clone-specific transcript profiling of ‘Nebbiolo’ grape berries unveils environmental responses mediated by sugar and secondary metabolite signalling

ABSTRACT: Goal: In the last years, many research efforts were addressed to uncover how grapevine cultivars respond to environment, nevertheless little is known on the molecular processes underlying the interplay between clones (vegetatively propagated lines of selected mother plants) of the same cultivar and environment. The goal of this study was to explore the whole complexity of the clone x environment (C x E) interaction through the identification of molecular changes controlled by clone, vineyard, phenological phase or a combination of them. Methods: We analyzed the transcriptome of berries collected over the ripening period from three Vitis vinifera cv Nebbiolo clones (CVT 71, CVT 423, CVT 185) grown in different vineyards, in two vegetative seasons. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted by implementing RNA-seq data with: i) expression analysis of candidate genes; ii) quantification of abscisic acid, flavonoids and stilbenoids; iii) agronomical parameters; and iv) climatic data. Results: Transcripts involved in sugar signalling, anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport were differently modulated among diverse clones, accordingly to berry agronomical features. Conversely, genes linked to the production of secondary metabolites enhancing defence responses, such as stilbene synthase genes, were significantly affected by vineyard location, consistently with stilbenoid accumulation patterns. Conclusion: The collected results attest that clone-specific metabolic responses do play a key role in shaping agronomic performances of a grape variety in different environments, thus providing valuable indications for orienting viticultural practices.

ORGANISM(S): Vitis vinifera

PROVIDER: GSE116238 | GEO | 2019/06/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:UV radiation (UV) alters secondary metabolism in the skin of Vitis vinifera L. berries, which may affect on the final composition of both, grapes and wines. We compared berry skin transcriptome and phenolic composition between Tempranillo berries grown in the presence or absence of solar UV in a mid-altitude Tempranillo vineyard. By analysing two different ripening degrees, expression of 121 genes was significantly altered. Functional enrichment identified that, principally, secondary metabolism-related transcripts were induced by UV, including VvFLS1, VvGT5 and VvGT6 flavonol biosynthetic genes induction. Concurrently, flavonol accumulation was the most evident impact of UV on the berry skin phenolic composition. Monoterpenoid biosynthetic transcripts were also up-regulated by UV, whereas induction of stilbenoid biosynthetic transcripts and stilbenes accumulation was probably induced by the joint action of UV and other condition under the UV-blocking filter, likely higher temperature. Among regulatory genes, VvMYBF1, VvMYB24 and three bHLH transcription factors were up-regulated by UV. Homologs to Arabidopsis UVR8-dependent UV-B-induced genes were also induced, including VvHY5-1, VvHY5-2 and VvRUP UV-B signalling genes. This suggests that the UV-B-specific signalling pathway is activated in the skin of grapes grown at low-medium altitudes. The biosynthesis and accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds that are appreciated for winemaking were almost specifically triggered, which indicates that viticultural practices increasing solar UV incidence may improve grape features important to wine production. A total of 12 samples were hybridized. Grape skin RNA from berries ripening under a UV-transmitting filter (FUV+) and a UV-blocking filter (FUV-) was compared. Berry skin of two different ripening stages was analysed on each UV treatment. All samples were harvested simultaneously and a NaCl series was used to select the ripening degree in a non-invasive way. Three biological replicates were analyzed for each sample.

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Clone-specific transcript profiling of ‘Nebbiolo’ grape berries unveils environmental responses mediated by sugar and secondary metabolite signalling

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